Monday, August 24, 2020

Case: The Law Offices of Jeter, Jackson, Guidry and Boyer Essay

The issues that are introduced for this situation study are normal issues that occur in the workplace. It was obvious from the case that the accomplices in the law office worked from a style of coordinated effort and addressing to comprehend the requirements of their representatives. Be that as it may, their development left them requiring somebody to assume control throughout the everyday, yet significant activities of the association like HR, and advertising. The accomplices chose to make a General Operations Manager. The accomplices recruited somebody who had a foundation as a long-lasting director from the protection business looking for a last vocation change. This person’s administration style was despotic which implies â€Å"the pioneer settles on choices on their own and afterward reports those choices to the group† (Bateman and Snell). Recruiting an individual with this kind of authority style put the firm in danger of losing magnificent representatives and customers. As the case expressed the law office lost customers. At the point when the accomplices found out about the issues, the new General Operations Manager disclosed to them it was ordinary movement for what was occurring, and that they should simply endure it. This recommendation of kick back and hold up given by the GM Brad Howser put a persona out to the accomplices that more customers would come and the worker assurance would not stay low. The accomplices ought not kick back and hold up as Brad Howser has educated them to do. Kicking back and holding up could wreck the organization snappier then it took to develop it. This could make more customers leave the organization and representatives to leave the organization. The accomplices expected to step in and build up an arrangement of how to address the issues that have created since Brad Howser has taken the GM position. Initially, they expected to meet with Brad Howser and express their anxiety about losing customers and the sinking resolve among their workers. This will require disclosing to Brad Howser that their ideal hierarchical culture, one that is mindful, empathetic and aware to everybody they serve. Another issue to raise is that the absolutist initiative style Brad presents isn't coordinating their strategic estimations of the organization. They should allow Brad to change or leave, similarly as he introduced a similar data to the representatives on the off chance that they didn’t need to change. On the off chance that he decides to remain, he should topple the standards he executed. The accomplices must give Brad their vision for the organization and the underlying objective of recruiting of a GM for Operations, which is to help deal with the various workplaces and to keep on developing every year. They ought to likewise restore flex hours for representatives and simultaneously fortify their significance to the firm. Having glad workers are unmistakably progressively beneficial at that point having miserable representatives. Brad should be instructed on the various assignments of the employments to realize that they are not required to be finished during explicit hours. At last, to wrap tidying up the debacle made, every customer should be reached that got one of Brad’s letters to settle up. This will mak e the accomplices apologize to and guarantee to their clients that this will never happen again. They will likewise need to persuade their customers into returning to their organization. The authority style required for a General Manager-Operations position is a style that can deal with interest and cooperation. A style that joins these attributes is known as a transformational pioneer. â€Å"Transformational pioneers get individuals to rise above their own advantages for purpose of the bigger community† (Bateman and Snell). The transformational pioneer will carry fervor to an organization since they have the accompanying characteristics mystique, individualized consideration, the capacity to appoint provoking work to meriting individuals, keep lines of correspondence open and give one-on-one coaching to create individuals. They will likewise carry the accompanying aptitudes to a dream of where they need to take the issue introduced; the ablity to impart their vision to the all the gatherings in question, fabricate trust with workers and officials and hold a positive self-respect. An individual in this activity that can be dive off course and discover approach to lean out the organization forms. They are additionally ready to convey about the progressions being made and why they should be made. Likewise the pioneer must have the option to meet their representatives where they are and make sense of how to develop them as the organization develops. A pioneer is definitely not an alien to difficult work and setting their necessities aside for later. The administration style I would pick for myself would be a blend of Transformational and Transactional and this individual can â€Å"achieve set objectives by acting inside built up systems and measures. This pioneer relegates explicit, very much characterized errands to subordinates and necessitates that they satisfy their duties and fulfill guidelines definitely as recommended or concurred upon† (Inc). Value-based administration styles are acceptable at improving procedures, setting up rules and guidelines and inclining out the assets utilized by the organization. An individual with this administration style will be acceptable at overseeing littler tasks and creating territories. In transformational I like to have a dream and strategic what I am right now attempting to progress in the direction of. In my work place I need everybody around me to recognize what the vision is that we are progressing in the direction of. I can be a blend of both of these relying upon the circumstance I would be put in. I would look for occupations in the executives in the innovation field, military and coordinations zones. Occupations that I would maintain a strategic distance from are ones that put me in control over enormous gatherings of individuals like leader of the nation, CEO of an organization and an individual who is eager to make forfeits in quest for the fantasies they articulate in addresses. Being an open figure is certifiably not a great job for somebody with these administration styles. I accept all administration styles can be utilized in different circumstances however you need to discover a style or styles that best fit your life balance. Works Cited Bateman, Thomas S and Scott A Snell. The board Leading and Collaborating in a Competive World. New York: The McGraw-Hill Irwin , 2013. Inc, Human Metrics. Administration Styles . 20 January 2013 <http://www.personalityexplorer.com/FREEResources/WhatLeaderAreYouoryourboss.aspx>.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Essay Topics For the Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks

Essay Topics For the Immortal Life of Henrietta LacksThere are a few different Essay Topics for the Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks and that there is not a shortage of interesting ideas and options to choose from. This is very unfortunate because some people may have been able to show more of their intellectual prowess in choosing topics.The problem with Essay Topics like this is that many people will get stuck without taking action. They will end up writing about things that they really don't understand. In most cases they will end up writing something that no one wants to read.If you are going to write a paper that offers Essay Topics like The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, then you need to use your best judgment and try to offer things that are based on facts. If you don't make a good case for a topic and if you don't explain what you are trying to say in an easy way, then you will get stuck and not get your essay completed in time. It doesn't matter if you think that you are being difficult or if you are being self-conscious because you want it to be done right.If you get stuck in essay topics for the immortal life of Henrietta Lacks, you can always go to the library and pick up a book that has Essay Topics that you are interested in. Of course it would help if you took a little time to look over the book before you buy it so that you know that it is written by an actual person and not just some book store employee. If you are going to buy one of these books, make sure that you take the time to read the book and that you really feel that it is the perfect book for you to use.It is also very important to get a book that has short chapters and that has one or two key ideas in each chapter. One of the major issues with Essay Topics like this is that people just don't have enough time to write all of the pages. They will keep on writing and getting stuck, thus making them go through the book and end up going through it twice.The best way to avoid getting st uck in Essay Topics like this is to make sure that you are using a book that has Essay Topics that is easy to understand. You need to use short chapters and that you should highlight the important points. When you put all of these things together, you will find that you are able to write a better paper than you otherwise would have been able to.When you are learning how to write essays, you should be able to get better with each essay that you complete. You will want to make sure that you are continually learning from each essay you write and that you do not get stuck in the process. If you do, then you will just continue to get stuck until you stop doing the work.Essay Topics for the Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks will not be difficult to complete. All you need to do is learn how to improve on each topic and you will be able to move forward with a lot of success.

Saturday, July 18, 2020

How Debilitating Is Complex PTSD

How Debilitating Is Complex PTSD PTSD Print What Is Complex PTSD? By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 02, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Jamie Grill / Getty Images First recognized as a condition that affects war veterans, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be caused by any number of traumatic events, such as a car accident, natural disaster, near-death experience, or other isolated acts of violence or abuse.  When the underlying trauma is severe and repetitive, however, some mental health professionals make a distinction between PTSD and another form known as complex PTSD (C-PTSD). C-PTSD vs. PTSD While PTSD can develop in response to short-term exposure to a single traumatic event, C-PTSD only occurs when someone has experienced severe, repetitive trauma over a long period of time. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has recognized PTSD as a diagnosis since its third edition, but C-PTSD is not yet mentioned as a separate disorder. Even so, many mental health professionals have started to distinguish between the two conditions. In 2018, the World Health Organization made the decision to include C-PTSD as its own separate diagnosis in the 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11).?? Symptoms According to the ICD-11, in addition to experiencing all of the core symptoms of PTSD, people with C-PTSD may also experience: Difficulty Controlling Emotions: You may experience an emotional flashback. This is when you have intense feelings that you originally felt during the trauma, such as fear, shame, or sadness. You may also experience severe depression, thoughts of suicide, or have difficulty controlling your anger.Detachment from Trauma (Dissociation): Dissociation is the minds way of coping with an intensely traumatic experience. Those who experience dissociation may feel detached from their surroundings, their actions, and their body. They may experience gaps in their memory surrounding the original trauma or an everyday task that reminds them of the trauma they experienced.Changes in Self-Perception Complex PTSD can cause a person to view themselves in a negative light. This negative self-image can include feeling as if they are different from other people and feelings of helplessness, guilt, or shame.Preoccupation With PerpetratorIt is not uncommon for people with C-PTSD to become fixated on their abuser. This can include becoming obsessed with the abuser, dissecting their relationship with the abuser, and becoming preoccupied with revenge.Difficulty with Personal RelationshipsSomeone with C-PTSD may develop unhealthy relationships because they find it difficult to interact with and trust others. Note that this is unique from borderline personality disorder (BPD) in that a person with C-PTSD often alienates themselves, as opposed to people with BPD who engage in unstable relationships that are often volatile.Changes in Beliefs People exposed to chronic or repeated traumatic events may lose faith in humanity and previously held beliefs. Causes The traumatic events connected to C-PTSD are long-lasting and generally involve some form of physical or emotional captivity. Some examples of ongoing trauma that can cause C-PTSD include: Childhood physical, emotional, or sexual abuseDomestic violenceHuman trafficking or forced prostitutionCaptivity Living in crisis conditions or war zones In these types of events, a victim is under the control of another person and does not have the ability to easily escape. Treatment Despite the complexity and severity of the disorder, C-PTSD can be treated with many of the same strategies as PTSD. But as experts continue to study C-PTSD, there is scientific research that supports a unique phase-based treatment approach.?? This treatment approach entails three phases: Reducing symptoms (i.e., through the use of medication) and improving self-management skillsReviewing and processing traumatic memoriesTransitioning out of therapy and engaging in community life C-PTSD can be a debilitating condition, but there are effective therapies available to address the chronicity and complexity of a persons past trauma.   If you or someone you care about has been exposed to repeated trauma and are struggling to cope, its important to seek help from a therapist who is familiar with PTSD. In addition to asking your primary care physician for a referral, there are many online resources that can help you find mental health providers in your area who treat PTSD.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

The Expulsion of Freedom - 1408 Words

According to Jean Jacques Rousseau, human beings are bestowed with the blessings of freedom during their individual genesis on this fruitful planet, but this natural freedom is immensely circumscribed as it’s exchanged for the civil liberties of the State. He indicated that the supplanting of natural freedom is necessary for the obtainment of greater power for the greater collective community, but the prospect of obtaining superlative capabilities comes with the price of constraints. Yet this notion of natural freedom conflicts with Thomas Hobbes rendition on the state of nature because he illustrates that nature, interface through savagery. According to Hobbes, mankind has endorsed and embraced natures temperament, because this system of†¦show more content†¦The illusion of a free society with unbiased laws created by the collective and ratified by the legislator, enables the society to have a sense of morality and perform a ceremonial civic duty to uphold the laws t hey finance with commitment. Rousseau states in the opening page that, â€Å"Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they.† These chains that Rousseau refer to are the constraints that are strategically placed on the freedom of the residents of the state. Since laws consult the public interest of the people collectively and suppress the private interest of the individual, they are essentially chains on the minds and souls of mankind, because people are used as vessels by the state to fulfill its agenda, under the guise and illusion of individual power to implement change in the collective. The author of Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes eloquently emphasizes that the state of nature is, in its rawest essence, chaotic and savage. In Chapter thirteen of his work Leviathan, he depreciates man’s role in the state of nature by saying, â€Å"the life of man, solitary, poore , nasty, brutish and short†(pg. 186). From his perspective, due to the fact that humans dwell in this catatonic state of destitution, humans naturally yearn for peace. Hobbes suggest that through the formulation of â€Å"Leviathan† through a social contract, achieving peace is a moreShow MoreRelatedThe Right Of Freedom Of Movement1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe right of freedom of movement is one of fundamental and natural rights of people. Its theoretical understanding and practical execution is one of the most challenging and relevant issues today. The fact that there is no universal codification devoted to solely the rights of free movement of persons and the lack of extended and regulated legislation results in leeways and gaps in process of immigration and work in the EU. Therefore, restrictions laid out in Directive 2004/38 in articles 27-33 (NB:Read MoreAnalysis of French Culture975 Words   |  4 Pagesrequest from the European Commission for information about its recent Roma expulsions. 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He discusses this situation and topics that stem from it in an analytical yet somewhat emotionallyRead MoreHuman Rights Within The World1313 Words   |  6 Pagesof human rights in the post-war era in order to prevent possible tragedies that challenge them. This essay examines how the rights of racialized minorities evidently emerged after the horrors of the 20th century as illustrated by war, genocide, expulsion, and mass sterilization. As a key factor to the existence of the charter of human rights, war, and specifically, World War I and II, had various inter-ethnic conflicts such as genocide, that were completely necessary for these rights to emerge.Read MoreThe Free Movement Of Persons1683 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The free movement of persons is one of the four fundamental freedoms of the internal market. 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Nafisi begins with a description of a dream she fulfilled in her final years of life in the Islamic Republic of Iran: to hold a private literature workshop with a select group of dedicated students.Read MoreThe European Convention On Human Rights1492 Words   |  6 Pagesis it and what are its aims? Its an international treaty which only m ember States of the Council of Europe may sign. The Convention lays a basic groundwork of all rights and guarantees which the States have to be held to. These rights include the freedom of though, expression, conscience, religion, effective remedy, peace enjoyment of possessions, and the right to vote and to stand for election. However, there are some limitations within these rights that need mentioning: Qualified, Absolute and Limited

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Financial Planning And The Business Planning Process

Introduction Planning is a significant and necessary step for all businesses (Topfer, 2011), but its importance is magnified for entrepreneurs starting a new business. They must determine if they have a viable product/service that a business can be structured around, create a projection on how the business will potentially perform financially, required sales levels to turn a profit, etc. Without the proper planning and analysis, entrepreneurs are setting themselves, and their business, up for failure. There are many tools available to entrepreneurs to help determine if their proposed business will provide a needed product or service and if the business to offer and manage those products and services will be successful. One of these tools is that of a feasibility analysis. This paper will discuss exactly what this analysis is and the benefits it provides to the entrepreneur. Financial planning is another step successful entrepreneurs will utilize in the business planning process. 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What is Madness Free Essays

Introduction Madness and lunacy are both words that have been loosely used throughout history. Although modern research allows us to discover and treat madness and lunacy more accurately this was not always the case. It is interesting to look at what people actually mean when they use the term madness and what people used to do about it. We will write a custom essay sample on What is Madness? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Psychiatric hospitals, also known as mental hospitals specialise in short term temporary or permanent care of patients who require assistance, treatment or a controlled environment. Patients are often voluntary admitted however involuntary admittance can be given if they pose a threat to themselves. There are a number of different types of modern psychiatric hospital which include: Crisis stabilization – dealing with suicidal, violent patients. In effect it is an emergency room for critical individuals Open units – these are designed to make life as normal as possible. They are also designed to adapt the individual ready for discharge. Juvenile wards – these are set aside for children with mental problems. Long term care facilities – Modern buildings, modern security and being locally sited to help with reintegration into society once medication has stabilized the condition. Halfway houses – these are designed for people with long term illnesses who need assistance for an extended period of time. When lunacy was first discovered the symptoms where not definite. Because of this doctors could make up the symptoms to ‘create’ more patients. This way they could make more money when business was slow. This is known as hegemony (controlling a market) There were many differences in the 16th– 17th centuries and the 18th– 19th centuries as science increased. Some of these differences are listed below: 16th – 17th centuries Lunatics where left to their own devices Very few institutions and treatments for lunacy Lunatics where controlled by a full moon. They were also not part of society and was classed as the ‘otherness’. 18th – 19th centuries There is a Distinction between ‘mad’ and other Asylums increased greatly Specialised province of medicine and treatments. As more people became aware of lunacy more and more people began to admit themselves as the symptoms where very vague. In 1807 there were 2000 recorded lunatics however in 1844 this had rose to 20000 and in 1890 this had grown to a massive 86000. Many mental hospitals have been opened to try and ‘contain’ and ‘treat’ lunatics, one of which was Wittingham hospital. This hospital has many accounts of patients being mistreated and abused. These included: Patients left untreated; Patients given only bread and jam, regardless of menu; given a spoon only regardless of diet; food mixed up and served as â€Å"slops†; Patients restricted in fluids during and after meals; put to bed in only vests; left queuing on the stairs waiting for a bath; certain patients locked in rooms under the stairs; Patients put out and locked out in the airing courts, regardless of weather conditions; certain patients locked in the washrooms. The worst kind of complaints made where that people had witnessed patients being dragged by their hair. Also on one of the male wards, the main allegation was that there were incidents of the â€Å"wet towel treatment†; this involved twisting a wet towel or bed sheet round a patient’s neck until the patient lost consciousness. Finally on another male ward, it was alleged that two male nurses had poured methylated spirits into the slippers of one patient and into the dressing gown pocket of another, and set them alight. Although all these complaints were denied it does question the belief that this ‘hospital’ was actually helping patients. The colonial American society referred to those suffering from mental illnesses as ‘lunatics’ which came from the word lunar which means moon. The reason behind this that it was believed that insanity was caused by a full moon. They also believed that lunatics were possessed by the devil and where usually removed from society. The main treatments they used were submerging patients in ice baths until they list consciousness or executing a massive shock to the brain. They also used means to expel the devil from the patient which included inducing vomiting and the notorious â€Å"bleeding† practice. The bleeding practice entailed draining the bad blood from the individual, Unfortunately this inhumane practice normally resulted in death. Around the 19th century, Europeans introduced a new approach to the treatment of the mentally ill known as â€Å"Moral Management.† This approach was based on the belief that the environment played a vital role in the treatment of the mentally ill. Creating a more domestic feel, beds and decorations replaced chains and cement cells. It was thought that recovery would more likely occur if conditions and surroundings resembled the comfort of home. Phrenology was introduced, studying the shape of the brain to explain illnesses. Animal magnetism was another popular practice, concentrating on the benefits of hypnosis and relaxation. Problems surfaced, however, with patients becoming unruly due to lack of restraints, and concern arose with how patients were to occupy their time. To combat these concerns, work programs and recreational activities were devised for patients in asylums, significantly moving to bridge the gap between society and the hospital. A crucial point in the history of the mental illness was the Civil War. After the Civil War in America a great number of servicemen suffered from postwar trauma. These inflicted persons were passed on to state mental hospitals and asylums, where the public displayed much interest in their care and treatment. Although, the public eye watched very closely how their ‘war boys’ were treated, institutions had no choice but to reinstate old procedures due to the serious issue of overcrowding. Restraints and shock therapy were reintroduced, along with new drug treatments such as opium. Along with the rising need to find placement for those suffering from mental illnesses, asylums began opening all over the country. Thomas Story Kirkbride was a designer of asylums at the time, and became well known for his popular architectural ideas. His designs and landscaping meant that the patients took part in tasks both indoors and out to benefit their living situation, much like that of a family. In accordance with European ideals at the time, patients at the Athens Asylum also engaged in recreational activities such as dancing, picnics, boating and church. All up and coming communities housed large and attractive asylums The reputation of these institutions was significantly impressive leading parents and friends of patients to have increasing confidence in their patient’s care. With the increasing credibility of these institutions, the populations skyrocketed. It was common for homeless people, tramps and hobos to become ‘patients’ of the asylums seasonally for shelter and food, and then slip away when the good weather returned. Families would often submit their elderly relatives to asylums because they lacked the resources or time to deal with them appropriately. The problem with overcrowding developed because the institutions had no established criteria for accepting or rejecting patients into their care. Rapid growth in populations caused patient care to suffer. In the Athens Asylum the patient population jumped from 200 to nearly 1800, with an insignificant alteration in staffing. The community found that these institutions were an easy means to remove unwanted people from society. There was no effort to provide any other programs or support, because the state was paying for the asylum. The severe overcrowding led to a sharp decline in patient care and once again, the revival of old procedures and medical treatments. Restraints returned. Instead of sleeping in single rooms as the Kirkbride Plan had designed, patients were sleeping in wooden cribs stacked three patients high. Ice water baths were once again used, along with shock machines and electro convulsive therapy. The lobotomy was a medical procedure where the neural passages from the front of the brain are surgically separated from those in the back of the brain. The common result of this procedure was the patient forgetting their depressing or discouraging feelings or tendencies. This was a very delicate, time-consuming procedure that required great skill and training from the practicing surgeons. Because the lobotomy appeared to effectively alter the mental health of patients, great effort was invested into developing a more practical procedure with similar desired results. Walter J. Freeman developed the transorbital lobotomy. This new medical procedure could be performed quickly and required limited aftercare for the patient. Because this new form of lobotomy could be performed so quickly and easily, the transorbital craze swept the nation’s asylums. Freeman himself performed over 3,000 lobotomies and was labelled the travelling lobotomist. Transorbital lobotomies were performed on hundreds of Athens Asylum patients in the early 1950s. In conclusion, madness, or lunacy, used to be a way of segregating people from society. As science progressed so did the asylums and patients began to decline as treatments also progressed. Mental hospitals throughout history have been vial and inhumane however, without the scientific evidence to back up the fact that their methods didn’t work they could have been committing these ‘treatments’ with the best intentions. Modern day hospitals are extremely high tech and efficient. The patients are looked after a lot better than ever and treatments are constantly improving. In summary, madness is not an illness that cannot be tolerated any more as modern treatments and care means that someone with lunacy can have a normal life as everyone else does. References: http://www.toddlertime.com/advocacy/hospitals/Asylum/history-asylum.htm accessed 22/04/2011 http://psychiatric-hospital.co.tv/ accessed 22/04/2011 http://www.whittinghamhospital.co.uk/ accessed 22/04/2011 How to cite What is Madness?, Essay examples

Sunday, April 26, 2020

What would we do without cell ... free essay sample

What would we do without cell phones? Have you ever left your phone at home and noticed just how much you needed it throughout the day? Advancements in technology have grown exponentially in the past ten years, from Blackberrys and Nokias to iPhones that can do pretty much anything you could imagine. The first cell phone was invented in 1973, and it took twenty-two years to invent text messaging. Nowadays, texting is one of the most popular means of communication, on par with phone calls. Although text messages and phone calls can achieve the same function of communication, both have their advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of texting are XYZ but the downsides are ABC. Calling has the advantages of DEF, but it could also be problematic because of GHI. Texting can be fast, simple, and get a reply faster, recorded for later use, can be used as a notepad, and keeps conversations private. We will write a custom essay sample on What would we do without cell or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Calling makes conversations and interactions feel more personal and professional, safer to use while in a car, and more realistic and emotional. There are several main advantages of texting over calling. The first advantage over calling is that when texting someone, you will get an immediate response a search was done by____ and they found that 90 percent of text messages get read within 3 minutes of delivery, while when you call someone, the other person might not be able to answer due to inconvenience, or more often they will avoid answering on purpose. The second main advantage of texting over calling, is that all your texts are recorded and are easy to find while you would have to write down what the phone call is about and risk losing what you have written down. There are services that can record the call, it may be hard to find a certain part of the phone call. Another advantage of texting, is that if you are in a situation where you dont have access to a pen or paper, you co uld simple text yourself the information so you could access the information at a later time. The third reason that texting is better than calling is when you are in a situation when having a phone conversation is not possible, or appropriate like on the bus or train. Although texting has its advantages, there are several disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that that language of texting has reached a point to when almost everything is abbreviated. Messages are becoming so condenses that the full meaning of the message isnt clear to the receiver. The second disadvantage of texting is the lack of tone and emotion that comes with it. An example of this would be when a friend of mine asked if I could hang out with him, I responded saying that I couldnt and that I was busy. He thought that I said I couldnt and I was busy in a angry tone when I meant it in a calm tone. The last disadvantage of texting is that it isnt in real time like calling someone or talking in real life. When texting, it might take hours for someone to reply while when calling you will get a response immediately. Although texting might have its perks, calling does have some advantages over texting. The first advantage being, it is more professional and personal. I would never make a business deal, or a job interview over text. The second advantage of calling is that conversation is more full. With texting, messages are condensed and can cause misunderstanding. while with calling, sentences are not condensed and can better explain what the person is saying. The third advantage of calling is the ability to add emotion to your speech. UCLA professor Albert Mehrabian found that 58 percent of communication is through body language, 35 percent through vocal tone, pitch, and emphasis, and a mere 7 percent through content of the message. You cant infer what the person on the other side of the phone is saying with only the 7 percent you are receiving. You cant take an important test with only 7 percent of your brain power. Despite the fact that there are many advantages of calling, there are also many disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that there are certain situations where it is inappropriate to call someone such as when they are in the middle of a meeting or in class. The second disadvantage is that when you want to communicate a simple message across but you dont have time to have a long conversation its hard to do that. The third disadvantage is that people may intentionally not answer the phone call which will make it hard to have a conversation.