Chinese Language Cinema Essay

During the 21st century China had been recognized to be one of the greatest distributors of movies throughout the world. China made a big influence when it comes to movie industry on different countries particularly on the American markets. Chinese movies had been widely appreciated by the United States. There are many Chinese actors and actresses who became famous in United States like Jackie Chan, a Chinese actor and director of action motion pictures who had become very famous because of his talent when it comes to acting, doing different creative stunts work, comic manners, and his talent in choreographing different fight sequences. When it comes to film industry and economic status, China was one of the top and biggest contributors throughout the world. China did not ceased in pursuing for success when it comes to movie and film industry. Their culture, state, as well as their different kinds of languages and beliefs became one of the primary reason why mainland China are having difficulties when it comes to producing and building up a great films that will satisfy the taste of different countries particularly the United States. On pursuing their goal in becoming one of the best and highest grosser of economy in the world, China did not waste any time to be able to create a big impact and influence to the American markets especially in the Hollywood (2000). Because of their efforts and patience in continuing their goal to be part of the top countries that are producing and importing top movies in the world, Chinese community became very successful in achieving their goal when it comes to movie industry. In the beginning of the 21st century, China also became very successful in their economic status as well as their entertainment film and Chinese cinemas (2002). All the trials and difficulties that they have encountered in the past few decades were quickly transformed to a successful and progressive country. Mainland China was also known as economic powerhouse because of their successful economic status when it comes to importing and exporting different products and films. Because of their success in economy, Mainland China surpassed other countries like France and Italy who are known to be one of the most successful countries in the world. Chinese cinema became a commodity for worldwide trade, electronics, clothing materials, and even precious and expensive metals. As a start of their successful and profitable business, film and movie industry became one of their major sources of capital and income. China became one of the most excellent importers of movies in the whole world especially in the United States (2003). In spite of China’s good production of movies, there are many criticism that been spreading about their entertainment. Negative and positive opinions as well as different comments were spreading to the public. Critics implied that some movies and films are seriously violating the culture as well as the beliefs of the Chinese community because of some unjust doings and immoral acts in the film. However other films that produce under Chinese films are making a big impact to the global society because the message of the film implies some important issues to the viewers. The Chinese filmmakers are now developing their movies and films so they can express the whole story as an art, and they have indicated a very resourceful material that can be reliable to the audience ideas as well as their point of views (2007). The Chinese filmmakers are very talented when it comes to creating good arrangements of auditory effects, different color effects, environmental forms, and cultural movements that can easily attract the viewers’ attention. In Chinese cinema, they considered their movies and films as an art, because of their aesthetic value and human works of beauty. The movies provided by the filmmakers are always related to their traditions, history, and also based on their social and political status in the society. They are giving some twist to the topic so the viewers or audience will be excited and satisfy from what they viewed.

1957 and Soil

Pennsylvania State University Berks Campus Reading, Pennsylvania SOILS 101 – Introductory Soils Spring 2013 Course Description: SOILS 101 (GN) Introductory Soils (3 credits). A study of soil properties and processes and relationships to land use, plant growth, environmental quality, and society. Overview: This survey and foundational course introduces students to a broad range of subject matter from most sub-disciplines of soil science.The students study a range of soil characteristics and seek to understand their relationship to soil function, land use, plant growth, environmental quality, and society/culture. This course introduces students to the variety and complexity of soils on a local, national, and international scale. This introductory course in soil science introduces the student to the study, management, and conservation of soils as natural bodies, as media for plant growth, and as components of the larger ecosystem.This course presents basic concepts of all aspects of soil science including: composition and genesis; physical, chemical, and biological properties; soil water; classification and mapping; soil conservation; management practices; and soil fertility and productivity including practices of soil testing, use of fertilizers and manures, and liming. The course introduces the relationships of soil to current concerns such as environmental quality and non-agricultural land use. This course should instill awareness of soil as a basic natural resource, the use or abuse of which has a considerable influence on human society and life in general.This course is required or on a list from which students select for many environmental and agriculturalrelated majors. It is specifically listed as a prerequisite for many other SOILS courses and for several soils-related courses taught at Penn State. This course also satisfies the requirement for 3-credits in the natural sciences (GN), for non-science maojors or any student interested in soils, ecolo gy, or the environment. Course Objectives: At the end of this course, students should be able to: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Appreciate the variety and complexity of soils.Describe the ways in which soils are an integral component of the terrestrial ecosystem. Use the technical terminology associated with the description and use of soils. Identify soil properties important to land use, environmental quality, plant growth and society/culture. Demonstrate skills required to make field observations and interpretations of soils for various uses. Retrieve and use information from a variety of sources for land use planning and soil management decisions. Explain the impact of land use and management decisions on agricultural productivity and sustainability, environmental and ecological health, and land degradation.Understand how soils can affect everyday decisions like how to develop a garden or where to build a house. – page 2 – Instructor: Dr. Mike Fidanza 234 Luerssen Office: 610-396 -6330 Cell: 484-888-6714 E-mail: [email  protected] edu Office Hours: Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 9:00 am – 9:50 am, and 11:00 am – 11:50 am; or, by appointment (call or e-mail to schedule an appointment) Class Lecture: Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 125 Luerssen Building, 10:00 am – 10:50 am. Required Textbook: Brady, N. C. and R. R. Weil. Elements of the Nature and Properties of Soils. 3rd edition*.Pearson/Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. *or earlier editions are acceptable Grading: 4 exams †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 300 points †¢ lowest exam score dropped †¢ 3 exams X 100 points per exam = 300 points total 15 quizzes †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 150 points †¢ 15 quizzes X 10 points per quiz = 150 points total Soils Writing Assignment . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 50 points †¢ Fertilizer Worksheet ————————————————————————————————–Total †¦.. 500 points Final Grade will be based on the following scale:Points Grade Points Grade ? 465 A 385 – 399 C+ 450 – 464 A350 – 384 C 435 – 449 B+ 300 – 349 D 415 – 434 B ? 299 F 400 – 414 B- Exams: Exam format is typically multiple choice, true/false, and matching. Exact content and format of each exam will be discussed in class by the instructor. The lowest exam score of the four exams will be dropped, therefore, only the top three exam scores will count towards the final co urse grade. Quizzes: Quiz format is typically multiple choice, true/false, and/or matching delivered online through the ANGEL course website.Exact content and format of each quiz will be discussed in class by the instructor and/or information will be available on the ANGEL course website. Soils Writing Assignment: To be explained in class. – page 3 Class Attendance and Etiquette: Attendance is highly recommended since some lecture information will not be found in the text, and handouts and other supplemental material will be available only on the day on which they are presented in class. Class attendance and participation may be considered toward your final grade.Attendance will be recorded on a random basis, however daily attendance may be recorded if absenteeism or lateness is a problem. Appropriate and respectful behavior is always expected. Also, please silence cell phones during class time. Academic Integrity: Students are expected to be familiar with the University Rule s and Policies regarding academic integrity. Refer to the Penn State Berks Campus Student Handbook, or locate the document on Penn State’s website, which can be accessed through any computer terminal connected to the PSU Center for Academic Computing.Academic integrity is defined as the pursuit of scholarly activity free from fraud and deception. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to: cheating, failure to protect your work from others (or facilitating acts of academic dishonesty by others), plagiarism, fabrication of information or citations, unauthorized prior possession of examinations, submitting the work of another person or work previously used without informing the instructor, or tampering with the academic work of others. A student charged with academic dishonesty will be given oral and written notice of the charge by the instructor.If the student feels that they have been falsely accused, they should seek redress through informal discussions with the ins tructor (first), division or department head, dean, or CEO. If the instructor believes the infraction to be sufficiently serious to warrant referral of the case to the Office of Conduct Standards, or result in a grade of â€Å"F† for the student for the course, the student and faculty instructor will be afforded formal due process procedures outlined in the University Rules and Policies mentioned above.Academic dishonesty will be dealt with strictly and in accordance with Pennsylvania State University policy. Disclaimer: The class schedule, policies, statements, and assignments in this course are subject to change in the event of extenuating circumstances or by mutual agreement between the instructor and the students. **** Weather Emergency: Call 610-396-6375 for up-to-date Berks Campus information. **** – page 4 – Date: Jan Jan Jan 7 9 11 M W F Topic: Introduction and course administration Introduction to soil scienceIntroduction to soil science (continued) Tex tbook Chapter: 1 1 1 Jan Jan Jan 14 16 18 M W F Soil formation Soil formation Soil formation 2 2 2 Jan Jan Jan 21 23 25 M W F NO CLASS – Martin Luther King Day Soil classification Soil classification –3 3 Jan Jan Feb 28 30 1 M W F Soil classification Exam #1, chapters 1, 2, 3 Soil physical properties 3 –4 Feb Feb Feb 4 6 8 M W F Soil physical properties Soil physical properties Soil physical properties 4 4 4 Feb Feb Feb 11 13 15 M W F Soil water Soil water Soil and the hydrologic cycle 5 5 6 Feb Feb Feb 8 20 22 M W F Soil and the hydrologic cycle Soil aeration and temperature Soil aeration and temperature 6 7 7 Feb Feb Mar Mar Mar Mar Mar 25 27 1 411 13 15 M Clays and soil chemistry W Exam #2, chapters 4, 5, 6, 7 F Clays and soil chemistry 8 NO CLASS – Spring Break M Clays and soil chemistry W Soil acidity and other properties F Soil acidity and other properties 8 –8 Mar Mar Mar 18 20 22 M W F Soil biology and ecology Soil biology and ecology Soil biology and ecology 10 10 10 Mar Mar Mar 25 27 29 M W F Soil organic matter Soil organic matterSoil organic matter 11 11 11 Apr Apr Apr 1 3 5 M W F Soil fertility Exam #3, chapters 8, 9, 10, 11. Soil fertility 12 –12 Apr Apr Apr 8 10 12 M W F Nutrients management and fertilizers Nutrient management and fertilizers Nutrient management and fertilizers 13 13 13 Apr Apr Apr 15 17 19 M W F Soil erosion Soil erosion Soil erosion 14 14 14 Apr Apr Apr 22 24 26 M W F Soil and chemical pollution Soil and chemical pollution Soil and chemical pollution 15 15 15 8 9 9 ************ April 29 – May 3: Final Exam Week (Exam #4, chapters 12, 13, 14, 15). ************

Ecosystems and How They Work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ecosystems and How They Work - Assignment Example Disturbances in forest influence the rate of recovery. Several studies show that the characteristics of this ecosystem influence the rate of recovery. Even though no one theory can explain all factors able to control succession, some variables appear to be more important compared to others (Wright, 2009). Introduction An ecosystem is a group of organisms living together, interacting with each other and with their surrounding (eoearth.org). It consists of two basic components namely, abiotic and biotic components. The relationship between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem is known as holocoenosis (Fisher al et, 2009.They are different types of ecosystem; tropical rainforest, grassland, coral reef, estuary, desert among others. Here, the forces will is on tropical rainforest. Ecosystem has four basic functions; regulatory functions, habitat functions, production functions and information functions. Tropical rainforest A tropical rainforest is an ecosystem type that occurs a pproximately within the latitudes 28 degrees north/south of the equator. Tropical rainforests ecosystem experiences a significant amount of rainfall and high average temperatures. These rainforests can be found in Australia, Asia Africa, Central America, South America, Mexico and on many of the Caribbean, Pacific, and Indian Ocean islands. The classification within the World Wildlife Fund’s biome describes tropical rainforests as a type of tropical wet forest or tropical moist broadleaf forest. They also referred to it as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest. Generally, tropical rainforest biome consists; lowland equatorial evergreen rain forest, montane rain forest, flooded forest and moist deciduous and semi evergreen seasonal forest. An example of montane rainforest is the Sierra Nevada of California (WWF). Every ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic factors; therefore, montane rainforest has both biotic and abiotic ecosystem. Generally, abiotic components include th e non-living, physical-chemical factors such as water, air, and soil among other basic elements and compounds of the environment. These abiotic factors are broadly classified  into three categories climatic factors, edaphic factors and inorganic substances. Climatic factors in Sierra Nevada are influenced by the Mediterranean climate of California. During the fall, spring and winter, haste in the area averages from 510 to 2,000 mm where it takes place mostly as snow over 1,800  m. Furthermore, summers are dry with low humidity; however, afternoon thunderstorms are usual, specifically during the North American Monsoon. Also, summer high temperatures average 6–32  Ã‚ °C. Moreover, the growing season takes 20 to 230 days, depending strongly on elevation (WWF). An alpine climate experienced in the highest elevations of the Sierra. Consequently, the steepness of the Sierra Escarpment and the height of the range, specifically at the southern end of the range bring forth a win d development referred as the "Sierra Rotor". In addition, this is a horizontal rotation of the atmosphere ,precisely east of the crest of the Sierras, set in movement as a result of strong westerly winds (Fisher et al, 2009). Edaphic factors in Sierra Nevada include; granite which is mostly found east of the crest and north of 37.2 °N. Apparently, most soils in the tropical rain forests are characterized by significant poor nutrients and leaching and; however there are fertile soils contained

Provided in the Doc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Provided in the Doc - Essay Example Notably, biomedical technology improvement has tremendously contributed to major boosts in not only treatment of cancer, but also its care and control (Ekins, Hupcey & Williams, 2011). Engineered technologies have been essential to improving drug delivery systems for release of therapeutic agents that are under control. Drugs are vital in improving health as well as giving life an extension. The last few decades experienced significant changes and improvement of biomedical technology is indicated anticipated positive changes in the future. Biomedical technology improvement is not only contributing to substantial comprehension of physiological barriers that hinder efficient cancer drug delivery. Renowned scholars in the field of biomedical technology include Sabrina Galloway, Devaraj Jayachandran, and Robert Hannemman. They have not only conducted research but also written peer-reviewed article on cancer treatment using biomedical technology. The research will involve the use of peer-reviewed articles and credible books as credible literature on the topic. In addition, conducting interviews with resource persons who have researched or worked in environments related to the issue will also be appropriate for the research. The research will address diverse ideas including contributions of biomedical technology in the treatment of cancer. Further, it will address concerns of biomedical technology application in identifying a solution to best methods of providing care to the cancer victims through care. Organization of the research will include an introduction. The introduction will focus on giving definition and meaning of terms. Second, the research will contain an abstract that outlines a brief overview of the issue of biomedical and its relevance in the treatment of cancer (Liu & Huang, 2014). The abstract will cover, in brief, the entire contents of the research. Then literature review will follow. In the literature review, the content will cite works

Change Model Assignment (MGT 435) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Change Model Assignment (MGT 435) - Essay Example So, it is extremely essential to improve the decision making powers and planning to cope up with such changes to retain the portfolio in the market among others. Besides, it might also help to improve its brand image and reputation of the organization as compared to other rivals operating in the similar sector. In order to do so, most of the organizations operating in the retail sector desire to undertake an international expansion to acquire a large array of new customers, to increase its range of sales and a profit margin as well. In this essay, the importance of change model is highlighted along with its types as per the terms. This is because the types of change models entirely differ for short or long term processes. Change Models The XYZ Inc, a high-end retail chain selling luxurious ornaments, watches, and hand bags also decided to generate its foothold in a new international market named Shanghai by opening a retail store. By doing so, it might facilitate the XYZ Inc to gener ate a high range of revenues and ROI along with the enhancement of total sales (Sharma, 2006). Although it is very short-termed, the types of change model implemented for such a type of alterations are described below: Figure 1. Sustainability Model (Sharma, 2006). The above model describes that in order to reflect or maintain the similar sustainable nature; it tries to get engaged in varied types of operations like an expansion into new markets (Shanghai) to increase the total range of sales (Figure 1). This may be possible only due to the excitement to attain a new range of customers and revenues as well. Along with this, the practice of such expansions in Shanghai might enhance the range of a market share and popularity of XYZ Inc (Weiss, 2012). This might help in the enhancement of the brand image and reputation of the organization in the market among other rivals. It might also improve the financial condition of XYZ Inc as compared to previous financial years. Thus, it may be s tated that the expansion of XYZ Inc into Shanghai market proved extremely effective for the organization in a long run (Paton & McCalman, 2008). Similarly, in case of long-term and large scale changes, the model to be implemented requires a high level of planning and analysis so that it would surely lead to success. Moreover, a continuous improvement is essential that may be possible only through a constant enhancement of people, equipment, and policies or strategies of the organization. Otherwise, it might prove effective for XYZ Inc to open additional retail stores in the regions like Brazil, Russia, India, and China as the level of competition in these markets are extremely high. So, to retain the portfolio and position in these markets, it is essential to continuously up-date the techniques and equipments of the organization as compared to others (Paton & McCalman, 2008). Along with this, high-end training programs might also be implemented within the XYZ Inc so as to enhance th e level of skills and talent of the employees to develop attractive and trendy products (Weiss, 2012). This might only help the organization to increase its range of customers and a profit margin as well as the brand value of its products. So, such types of change models specified below may be used in case of long-scale changes (Sharma, 2006). Rationale for Such a Type of Decisions of the Management Figure 2. Improvement Cycle ( Paton & McCalman,

Mercedes-Benz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Mercedes-Benz - Essay Example Later on, Emil Jellenik made a deal with the Daimler manufacturers in Germany, to sell him the cars and then he honored his daughter by naming the fleeting of the bought cars after her-Mercedes. The reason which made the Mercedes cars to stand out is the high performance engines which had a relatively higher horse power than any other vehicle at that time. Secondly, the Mercedes Benz had custom made leather seats which introduced comfort of another level. This was particularly prominent in the US where the customers had a taste of class and luxury or ostentation. Over the years, the brand of Mercedez Benz has grown to be known as a car of luxury and ostentation (Jenkins, 2010). This is to imply that the price was relatively higher to denote the class that Mercedes Benz was postulated to be in. Thus, the people who drove or bought Mercedes Benz were assumed to belong to a certain class, like in Singapore, where few elites could afford it. In the same line of thought and respect, the technical and technological ability of Mercedes Benz was more agile and superior giving the owner or drive some natural technical abilities to maneuver the car as compared to other models of cars . The production center in China ensured that the Mercedes brand was technically alright to as to appeal to the mechanically savvy population of China. It is important to note that the vehicles were designed with proper engines which were powerful and superior in terms of engine use and fuel consumption. Thus, if person bought the Mercedes Benz, he or she would be assured of spending lesser in terms of gas and fuel consumption (Sandalow, 2006). Culturally, it is important to note and mention that the people who drove the Mercedes Benz were considered to be of a superior cultural dispensation or class. The performance of the Mercedes Benz as a company relied on business environment that would be

Importance of Philip II in the Success of His Son Research Paper

Importance of Philip II in the Success of His Son - Research Paper Example After the death of Philip, his son Alexander took over as his successor. He executed the plans of his father to invade Asia. During the tenure of Alexander, the Macedonian empire was extended in the west, including Asia Minor, Egypt, Central Asia and India (Present Kashmir and India) in the east. He was just thirty-three years old at the time of his death; he was worshiped by his followers like a God because of his bravery, comradeship and man management. He had already planned invasion in Arabia, having which he had created a long lasting, unparalleled and undefeatable empire. This brought him the title of Alexander the Great. Alexander had a very short tenure of emperorship, but yet it was very successful and full of victories. What could have been the role of Philip towards success of Alexander? Would there have been a successful Alexander the Great without having Philip as his predecessor? One thing is very clear: all historical figures are the merchandise of their predecessors. Philip was always proud of Alexander for his bravery, courageousness and his victories right at the outset of his military life. Alexander remained in school of Aristotle for three years and returned at the age of 16. Upon his return, he came to know about second marriage of his father and birth of step brother, who in his thoughts threatened his position as heir of the throne. Alexander was closer to his mother, whom he thought as a deprived lady due to the second marriage of his father. This increased distances and rivalry within the family and gave rise to conflicts / quarrels between father and son. The differences between them aggravated to an extent that Alexander was banished from Macedonia for quite a long time. Later on, both reconciled, but the distances in between remained ever increasing. Even though Alexander was one of the most popular, successful, brilliant and brave king / general that existed in any period of history, without the on-going efforts of Philip in the fi elds of politics and military, Alexander could have never been as thriving and successful. Philip had opened many avenues to conquer for Alexander. The seed which was sown by Philip in form of collation with Balkan people was harvested by Alexander the Great as subsequent victories with full administrative support by the Balkans (Cole and Coffin 2). Philip was always very concerned about the success of his son. He arranged for his good education and military training. He sent him to Aristotle for three years and then on return, handed him over to military trainers for war preparedness and learning of tactics. Despite the fact that Alexander distanced from him since his second marriage, Philip always remained forthcoming, approachable and friendly to his son. Alexander was always given the feeling of parental pride and honor by his father. His bravery and valor were always valued by Philip. Though Alexander used to remain away on campaigns for long durations, the approach of Philip t owards Alexander was characterized by care and guidance of a truly caring father. Unluckily, this relation of trust and love was not reciprocated by Alexander. He loved his father but in comparison, he was closer to his mother. But after the second marriage of Philip, he did everything in his capacity to remain away from his father but at the same time, he inherited skills of tactician and commander from his father. Alexander learned a lot

Intimacy & Interiority Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Intimacy & Interiority - Essay Example This blend is what makes the narrative unpredictable and full of suspense. Sometimes, these characters which are of paranormal and unknown existence tend to make themselves more real in the readers eyes, than fictional characters of novels from various other genres because of the attractive combination of paranormal beings in bizarre settings such as dungeons, eerie forests, labyrinths, crypts and catacombs, and even sinister ruins and evil omens that erupt mysterious events. In this paper we would be discussing two stories from Gothic Literature, and attempt to shed light on the nature and intimacy within the narrative. The first is a short story titled â€Å"The Damned Things† (1898) by Ambrose Bierce and the second being ‘The Willows’ (1907) by Algernon Blackwood. The paper attempts to investigate how and why the untamed Gothic relies on intimacy to suit its needs 2 The human mind accepts only what is sees and perceives as reality whereas in the story of Ã¢â‚¬Ë œThe Damned Thing’, a paranormal existence is brought to light. Human beings are trained to shut away what they cannot see and cannot hear as it being non-existent. However, this story drives the reader to that level of terror to believe that the character Morgan is being tormented by something dreadful that he cannot see or hear, but which does exist. The story starts out with the protagonist Hugh Morgan being dead lying on a table with eight people surrounding it, conducting an inquest into the matter of his death. William Harker is a fictional writer, who is the only witness to Morgan’s death. Thus he is called in to relay his account of what he saw that night while he was with Morgan in the place with the wild oats. Hugh Morgan had been a victim of torture at the hands of something that he knows exists and feels but cannot see. He is scared and even considers himself going mad as he is torn between what his mind and senses are feeling and what is considered reality . The line between his reality and the ones of the normal world blurs into oblivion and that is when he decides to get the help of William Harker. The Gothic seems to be of a silent nature when Morgan speaks about it in his journal. He experiences its closeness in many instances but is never harmed. Initially, the Gothic is a mere shadow passing far away from the realms of Morgan’s house but still close enough for his dog to sense it. The dog barks and goes in circles when the Gothic passes and finally hides in the bushes until it leaves. The way the journal entry 3 is written suggests that this was not the first time that they encountered the Gothic. The first example of intimacy between the Gothic and the protagonist seems to take place on the previous night of Morgan’s journal entry, on Sept.2. He writes about how he stared into the night sky and was admiring the stars ‘above the crest of the ridge east of the house’ (Bierce, 1898) when his vision of th em was blurred and almost blotted out by something that seemed to pass between him and the stars. He could feel it and experience it but could not see it. The next entry of the Gothic suggested that it was more tangible as the intimacy with the protagonist increased, making its presence felt by way of fresh ‘footprints.’ (Bierce, 1898) According to him, the more encounters he experienced, the more closer the Gothic drew towards the real Morgan. The next two entries in his journal suggest that he is tortured by the presence of the Gothic not

Comic Strip Lesson Plan Essay Example for Free

Comic Strip Lesson Plan Essay In this lesson the students will discuss memories in front of the class that they enjoy remembering; along with their speech they will present their interpretation of the memory through art. It will also help with their public speaking skills. Objectives: * I want the students to learn how to give a short presentation in front of the classroom. Materials and Technologies (Teacher and student): Teacher notes for lessons. Students will need comic strip sheets, color pencils, crayons, and markers. Preparation of the room: I will put the needed comic strip paper on each students desk. If the students have any of their own crayon, color pencils, or markers they will have them on their desk. All of the classroom crayon, color pencils, or markers on a small table in front center of the classroom, along with extra comic strip paper. Artist (s): Roy Lichtenstein; comic strip type art Maya Lin; demonstration of longstanding memories in art work. Artmaking medium: color pencils, crayons, and markers. (Not all must be used on project if not desired by student.) Instruction (Activities and Procedures): Be very specific!!! Opening: â€Å" Today we will be discussing memories that are special to each of us. We will also be presenting our memories to the class through a short speech, and a comic strip drawing.† Attention Grabber (Anticipatory set): For an attention grabber I as the teacher would present my own comic strip, and present a fond memory of my own. This memory would be one that is possibly embarrassing or funny so I could loosen the class up about presenting their own memories. Tap into prior knowledge: I can ask if any of them have ever had to speak in front of a crowd. How did they feel? Did they enjoy? Or if they didn’t, why? Introduction of artist: For Roy Lichtenstein I will tell about his part in Pop Art. I will show them â€Å"Masterpiece† It shows how the comic strips were drawn, and they should resemble there own. I will also show Maya Lin, and her Vietnam Memorial. This shows how the memory of someone or an event is not forgotten if there is art to remember it with. Art making activity: The student will have a 4-6 panels strips of paper. On the strip they will draw there recollection of a particular memory. They will do this with color pencils, crayons, and markers. If less or more panels are needed the adductions will be made. Closure: We will end the lesson with each student presenting their comic with a short presentation. Interdisciplinary connections: This lesson will connect with writing/spelling, because the student will have to have some dialogue/description on the comic. It will also connect with reading, because they will have to read the comic in front of the class as part of their presentation. Accommodating individual differences: To meet the needs of all students, I will make sure that all needed materials are readily available and easily assessable. Feedback: How and what manner will you provide feedback to students. I will give feedback on a comment sheet. On this sheet I will give marks for the students spelling on comic strip, the presentation, and on the drawing themselves.

Categorical clustering Essay Example for Free

Categorical clustering Essay Theories which link recall directly to the way in which the information is encoded are very well supported and accepted among cognitive theorists; however, there is a lack of research on specific tricks to encoding which may aid in recall efficiency (Roy, 1967). The theories on this are widely accepted but, in fact, are poorly supported due to their common sense value. There is a need for more research about the ways in which environment directly effects efficiency of recall. Considering all of the research done on the correlation between encoding methods and recall, it can be seen that recall is directly affected by the modality and physical characteristics of encoding (Squire, 1987). Mnemonic devices are techniques to improve retention and most involve some combination of vivid visual imagery, organization of information into meaningful units, and hierarchies, and association with well-learned information (Winn, 2001). Many different memorization techniques have been designed to accommodate the unique way that every brain encodes the most effectively. Mnemonic devices have been devised to help the naturally most effective way for each individuals brain to encode information, but are geared towards visual learners. Kinetic and Auditory Learners need to modify what is being encoded in order for it to be effectively recalled later (Expanding, 1996). These specific techniques add meaning to an otherwise meaningless list of items (Sternberg, 1999). Common mnemonic devices include categorical clustering, interactive images, pegword systems, method of loci, acronyms, acrostics, and keyword systems. Henry Roediger has studied the comparative effectiveness of these mnemonic strategies and found that it was influenced by the kind of task required at the time of retrieval. He went on to suggest that when choosing a method for encoding, one should keep in mind the purpose of recalling the information (Sternberg, 1999).. Students are often asked to memorize large amounts of information at one time. There is a very small amount of research on the effectiveness of different mnemonic devices specifically effective for the purpose of recalling scholastic information. One method which has been theorized to fit this type of purpose of recall is categorical clustering. It has already been theorized by Weston Bousfield that the human brain automatically separates information into categories. In 1953 he tested this theory by showing that if sets of test words can be divided into categories, participants will automatically cluster their recall output by these categories. Aiding the natural inclination to categorize with mnemonic devices could greatly help memorization. Theories about this are very poorly supported. Further investigation of this specific mnemonic device is important in investigating how it affects the recall of lists of words. Knowing this would be relevant in scholastic and other environments in which this device could be especially helpful. Hypothesis  IB Juniors given a list of 18 words with a list of 3 category titles will recall the items on the list more accurately than those given the list without the category titles  Null Hypothesis  There is no difference in recall between IB Juniors given a list with category titles and those given the list without the titles. Methods: Design  Design  The design that will be used for this experiment is independent samples, because it meets the needs of the experiment and also minimizes error and is effective in controlling specific internal validity concerns. This specific design controls for testing and progressive errors, most order effects, maturation, and mortality. This design, however, does not control for history. The only unwanted subject variables in this experiment would be learning or memory deficit disorders. Drastic problems that keep a student from being able to memorize or learn new things effectively would negatively affect the experiment and make the results more difficult to generalize. To control for this, as a sort of pre-screening, only juniors enrolled in the International Baccalaureate program will be used as volunteers. It can be ensured that any student which has made it that far within that rigorous an academic program has no drastic disorders which effect his or her memory or ability to learn and retain information. This also controls for selection in that all IB Juniors are statistically equivalent. Diffusion of treatment in this experiment could be a problem if the subjects share words or information from the lists while trying to recall them. This could largely alter the results of the experiment and therefore the researchers will be preventing subject interaction and supervising them as they are recalling remembered words. All subjects will be given the exact same list of words, only 1/2 will be given simple category titles. The words will still be in the same order and place on the page to control for instrumentation errors. Ethics Because subjects will be tested in front of a teacher, it will be made fully aware that they will be ethically treated and that in no way will this experiment alter their status in that classroom. The researchers will establish a clear and fair agreement with the research participants prior to their participation. This agreement will clarify the aim of the study, that it is completely optional, and ensure that the results will be shared with the participants after all data is collected and analyzed. The researchers will make the subjects fully aware that the study is not only optional, but that the subject can decline to participate or withdraw from the research at any time without any repercussions whatsoever. All necessary aspects of the research will be described and the volunteers will give their informed consent prior to participation. Results will remain confidential and anonymous, but the final purpose of the study shall be revealed in a follow up session. Since all of the participants are under 18, the principal and the party who is legally responsible for the students while they are on campus (Mrs. Benware) will be made aware of the aim of the study and give her consent to let any volunteers participate in the study. III. Methods: Participants The entire population of IB Juniors may be used in the experiment; however, the statistical concepts of sampling make it unnecessary. The sample will consist of IB Juniors from Mrs. Jamisons 3rd and 6th period classes, and from various other teachers which give informed consent for the researchers to talk to their classrooms about the experiment and offer the opportunity for the students to volunteer. The participants will be a representative group of the entire population of IB juniors. Students which are taking psychology dont create any errors in population validity, as they havent participated in enough training in psychology for their results to be altered in any way because of it. To obtain a random sample from the IB Junior class, students from random classrooms will be asked to volunteer. A random sample of 30 IB Juniors is used in the experiment. They are all 16-17 years of age and have similar academic backgrounds and capabilities, as they are all in the International Baccalaureate program.

Care in the Community

Care in the Community Care in the Community United Kingdom has many legislations in place, these legislations are in place to protect and give appropriate help to all residents of the country. Four of these legislations/acts will be discussed in this writing. The acts are, Mental Health Act 2007, Direct payments Act 2007, Mental Health Capacity Act 2007 and also Independence,Well being and choice green paper. In addition to this, it will also look at Community Care Act 1990. In each of these 4 main legislations , it will underline the advantages and disadvantages and then it will indentify the moral, financial, political and social policy,which will all be relevant to the legislations. Community Care Act 1990 will indentify and explain why it has been put in to place and what is Community Care Act 1990 all about. Community Care Act is a piece of legislation which governs health and social care in the United Kingdom. It sets out how the National Health Service should assess and provide for patients based on their needs, requirements and circumstances. This legislation gives measures for Social Services Departments to provide care and support services in the community, rather than in institutions. Covers duties for each local authority to produce a community care plan and to carry out assessments of those who may be in need. According to many researches it has shown that the Community Care Act has been put into place as a cost cutting measure and the Conservatives have been accused of failing to adequately fund the NHS.( http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/442807.stm) Since the Mental Health Act 2007 has been amended from the 1983 Mental Health Act it has shown many positive factors such as the changes in professionals roles. The role of Approved Mental Health Professional was introduced as a result of the Mental Health Act 2007 which amended the Mental Health Act 1983. This type of role is opened to anyone with a nursing background such as: registered social workers ,first level nurses whose field of practice is mental health or learning disabilities, registered occupational therapists; and Chartered psychologist (http://209.85.229.132/search?q=cache:ko7D0JWfI30J:www.basw.co.uk/Portals/0/Chris%2520Southworth.ppt+amhp+rolecd=3hl=enct=clnkgl=uk). With relevant and sufficient training all these professionals listed above could become an Approved Mental Health Professional, and will be approved for the next 5 years and if they wish to continue in this role they will have additional training to atend. These professional bodies have to be approved by their local authority. Once the professional worker becomes an Approved Mental Health Professional they have the right to make decisions about people well being and give people with any health or social needs appropriate help. It would be also good to point out that the Approved Mental Health Professional has a lot of power in their role and will have to give correct and proffesional treatment and help t those who need certain care. This may be a very positive factor however what we have to look at and examine is this, ‘is it morally right to become AMPH from being an ASW. Into some extend we can say that this is not morally correct as this does not have enough training. And al so in many situations we could say that this is a cost cutting measure, as the NHS is in need of Approved Mental Health Professionals. Another advantages and disadvantages were brought in by the Direct Payments Act 1996, this brought in a lot of positives factors to many people lives. The Direct Payments Act 1996 advantages concentrates on giving people mainly back their social life, it gives them more control of their life which is very important to everyone. Direct Payments gives patients more independent and more control of their lives , therefore they will feel more relaxed and happier and mainly be less overwhelmed by financial demands. They will have the freedom to pick their own care staff and be in control. This will give them moral empowerment. However Direct Payments Act 1996 has brought in lot of disadvantages such the care managers are reluctant to use direct payments and do not have enough knowledge about this. And also it brings in a lot of responsibilities such as paperwork and hiring new staff. Which then opens a whole new responsibility and lot of people dont want to get involved in that as this mea ns more work for a lot of people. However this is not the correct way to be responding as a proffesional person and all care managers and care staff should be fully knowledgeable about this legislations, as this means that many service users will be missing out on something that could make a large positive impact on their lives. Direct Payments Act 1996 has brought in positives and negatives. But does this suit everyone. After researching the Direct Payments Act and what do direct payments users think we can say that this suit the majority of its users. Next legislation that this piece of writing will concentrate on is Mental Health Capacity Act 2007 this act states that everyone should be treated as able to make their own decisions until it is shown that they are not. It also aims to enable people to make their own decisions for as long as they are capableof doing so. A persons capacity to make a decision will be established at the time that a decision needs to be made. A lack of capacity could be because of a severe learning disability, dementia, mental health problems, a brain injury, a stroke or unconsciousness due to an anesthetic or a sudden accident. (http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/DisabledPeople/HealthAndSupport/YourRightsInHealth/DG_10016888) The positives of this act are that a person will be able to make their own decisions unless it is proven that they no longer can, once the cant make their own decisions, the decisions will be made for them. This is very positive as mainly this will protect vulnerable adults who cant no longer make decisions for them selfs. This act will give them power and freedom unless proven that the person is no longer able to make decisions. The negative outcome of this act would be that people will not feel free and for some it wont be morally right for someone to make decisions on their behalf. Into some cases some people may feel as if their dignity has gone due to the lack of power, once they cant make decisions.( http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/SocialCare/Deliveringadultsocialcare/MentalCapacity/MentalCapacityAct2005/index.htm) This Act will also help people make financial decisions once they cant make that decisions themselves. From November 9 2009 direct payments will be available to people who l ack capacity who meet the criteria laid out in regulations and guidance issued earlier this month. (http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/SocialCare/Deliveringadultsocialcare/MentalCapacity/MentalCapacityAct2005/index.htm) Once Direct Payments are available to people who lack capacity this will make things more smoother for people and will give them more freedom and more control of their lives. Last legislation in this writing will talk about is the Independence, Weill being and Choice Green Paper. This Green Paper gives a clear picture for adult social care for the next 10 to 15 years and how this may work. It gives all people the chance to everyone to give their ideas,views and opinion and lets them have their own sa on the matter and then it will be considered. They way that this should work is that if people give their opinions and views this should make smoother and easier legislations for the future. However this is a very long process as this is first open to the public that is what is called the green paper, once the government has decided it wants to go ahead with a specific area it then becomes a white paper. The white paper then, is presented to the parliament to be voted on, once it has the majority of votes it then becomes an Act. So this will be a very long process. However if this will be done it will give people more control of their finances and their moral s. The last part of this writing will evaluate the main provisions of community legislation and their implications. As writen about in the previous paragraphs, four legislation were discussed along with positives and negatives of each one. It can be said that all four legislations ome with advantages and disadvantages. Positive factors are the ones that mainly all service users are interested in. However the negatives are something that needs more interest put to it. For example the Direct Payments Act, and the fact that Care managers do not want to get involved with because their arent so knowledgeable about it. In the research that have been carried out during this writing, it can be acknowledged that mainly all legislations do concentrate on changing service users lifes for a better future. It also highlights that the legislations are in place so that service users get control of their lives back and making sure that service users have the freedom and do not loose ther dignity and morals. References: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/442807.stm [Assessed 9th November 2009] http://209.85.229.132/search?q=cache:ko7D0JWfI30J:www.basw.co.uk/Portals/0/Chris%2520Southworth.ppt+amhp+rolecd=3hl=enct=clnkgl=uk [Assesed 11th November 2009] http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/DisabledPeople/HealthAndSupport/YourRightsInHealth/DG_10016888 [Assessed 12th November 2009] http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/SocialCare/Deliveringadultsocialcare/MentalCapacity/MentalCapacityAct2005/index.htm [Assessed 14th November 2009] http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/publicationsandstatistics/publications/publicationspolicyandguidance/dh_4106477 [Assessed 15th November 2009] http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/SocialCare/Deliveringadultsocialcare/MentalCapacity/MentalCapacityAct2005/index.htm [Assessed 17th November 2009]

The Marketing Mix Essay -- Papers

The Marketing Mix Description of the Marketing Mix: Marketing is the way in which a business promotes its products or service. Marketing is not solely selling the product; it is concerned with identifying customers and satisfying their needs/wants at a profit. Businesses have to sell what they produce/serve. To do this, marketing decisions must be made, which involve: PRODUCT - what products will be sold. PRICE - what price those products will be sold at. PLACE - where the best place to sell the product/service will be. PROMOTION - how the customers will get to know about the product. The above are known as the Marketing Mix. Market Research: Researching involves investigating a subject in order to find out about it. Market research takes two formsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ QUANTITATIVE - finding out numerical information. Or information that is definite and precise - based on facts rather than opinions or choices. QUALITATIVE - finding out opinions and reasons for choices. This information can be collected using PRIMARY (field research) and/or SECONDARY informationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 1. Desk Research (secondary). This involves the use of secondary data (information that is already available - on databases or business directories, etc.). This information can come from within the business, or from outside: From outside the businessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This information comes from sources outside the business. It can mean researching other products in the market, or sometimes even finding out about another company. In our case, it means e-mailing companies and researching the products that they have on the market, via the Intern... ... Our intentions are to carry out our market research in the form of a survey. Most probably, we will use a stratified random sample, in which we would ask, perhaps, a limited representation of people in each year. A way to ensure that the sample is random would have to be created. Perhaps, asking the first people from each year (and segment) we see. This would be relatively random. Alternatively, we could select a systematic stratified random sample, in which every 20th person on the registers would be selected. In our survey, it is important that we address the problem of knowing which specific products to sell, and so in it we shall have questions that would answer "what are we going to sell?" The questionnaire we have designed is included in this business plan, along with an analysis of the questions used in it.

Classroom Motivational Strategies Essay examples -- Education

I would like to discuss some of the motivational strategies that I will be using in my classroom. The motivational strategy that I will discuss is student self-efficacy. According to (Schunk, 1991) Self- Efficacy Theory refers to an individual ‘s judgment of his or her capabilities to perform given actions. Students are more likely to be motivated to attempt tasks in which they believe they will be successful, it is essential for us as teachers to provide tasks at the correct level of difficulty and help students to develop appropriate expectation for success. Experiences of failure may lead students to have a low perception of self-efficacy, and they in turn , are likely to reduce their effort on academic tasks and lose their motivation. However, if students already possess a high level perception of self efficacy their sense of self-efficacy won’t be affected easily by failure. (Richardson, 2010). According to Bandura perceived efficacy determines how much effort people are willing to put into an activity as well as how long they will persevere in the face of obstacles. It is known that high self-efficacy and improved performance results when students: 1. are taught to use specific learning strategies which increase attention to the task, 2. adopt short –term over long-term goals and 3. Receive performance contingent rewards as opposed to reinforcement for just engaging in a task. All these instructional manipulations are assumed to increase the belief that â€Å"I can do it, â€Å" which then increases both effort and achievement.(Richardson, 2010) Student’s self-efficacy or beliefs about whether they will be successful on a given task are a powerful predictor of their choice, effort, and persistence... ...ls displayed higher motivation (rate of problem solving)during instruction than did children who did not observe a model. Schunk and Hanson (1985) expected that their low- achieving subjects would identify more closely with the peer coping models. (H.Schunk, 1991) This activity had a positive effect on my students. They were able to successfully improve their reading fluency by engaging in this activity. The students were able to realize that with practice, positive reinforcement and support (enactive mastery) that they can improve their reading. The students were also able to discover that by watching their peer model correct reading that they can also do the same thing. (vicarious experiences) The student self –efficacy, self- worth, and self- esteem was enhanced by being able to go to the various class and present their Reader’s Theater.

Back to School Speech by Obama Essay

This essay is about President Barack Obama’s speech â€Å" Back to school â€Å" which he held September 8th 2009 at the Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia. The overall message in the speech is whether young people are taking school serious and understand the importance of hard work. Not only for themselves but also for the future of the country. â€Å"Hello everyone – how’s everybody doing today? I’m here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.† I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it’s your first day in a new school, so it’s understandable if you’re a little nervous.† Obama is starting out by addressing his audience like a father figure, trying to reach all realities in the audience by mentioning all the grades. He is making himself real to the audience, presenting himself as a guy who is down to earth. â€Å"Some of you are probably wishing it were still summer, and you could’ve stayed in bed just a little longer this morning† And already in line 10 â€Å"I know that feeling†. He is referring to his own life. He is explaining how he had to get up 4.30 every morning to study with his mom, and how he wasn’t too happy getting up that early. Here he is making himself real to the audience, explaining something from his childhood that they will understand. So here he is using pathos appealing to the feelings. From line 20, it’s like he is changing from being the friend of the audience to his role as the president of the United States again.â€Å" But I’m here today because I have something important to discuss with you.† From line 25, 30 and 35 he is revealing the essence of his speech. His message is that it is ones own commitment and hard work that will make one succeed in life. â€Å"You can have the most dedicated teachers and supportive parents, but unless you individually takes responsibility nothing of this is very helpful.† In line 40 and 50 he is more friendly againâ€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. † He is motivating the audience by saying that every person has something that they’re good at, that everyone has a important role In the American society. Obama is also very good at mentioning things many people can relate to in his speech. â€Å"Maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone. â€Å" Here he is mentioning the iphone that most children can relate to. From line 50 to 75 he talks more about morals again. He is very seriously talking about how everyone needs to have an education to get a job, and how it takes hard work. More important in Obama’s speech is that your education not only decides ones own future, but ones country’s future. Obama is really good to alternate between being judgmental and understanding through the speech, for example in the line â€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer.† He is very understanding and encouraging to the people, before he with this sentences; â€Å" If you don’t do that – if you quit on school – you’re not just quitting on yourself, you’re quitting on your country. Is being very judgmental. From line 75 to 85 Obama is again being more understanding. Obama explains his personal difficulties from his own childhood, and that he understands school isn’t always easy. Obama explains how his father left the family when he was 2 years old, and that he was raised by a single mother without much money. â€Å"There were times when I missed having a father in my life. There were times when I was lonely and felt like I didn’t fit in.† Obama then talks about how he through hard work was fortunate to go to college and follow his dream, to attempt law school. In this part of the speech Obama is using ethos. He is trying to be trustworthy. From line 95 Obama again set himself up as the country father. He explains that there is no excuse for having a bad attitude and also no excuse for not trying hard and giving your best towards education. From line 100â€Å" Where you are right now doesn’t have to determine where you’ll end up. No one’s written your destiny for you.† Obama is referring to the American dream. Mentioning personal freedom and responsibility for ones own destiny. He explains that with hard work you can accomplish everything you want, no matter background or social rank. From the line 105 – 110 – 115 Obama is stressing his statement by giving some concrete examples about how real people with all sorts of difficulties, made it through hard work and determination. This is an example of logos, because he is giving concrete examples that are supportive to the message of the speech. From line 170 he is again referring to the American dream. â€Å"The story of America isn’t about people who quit when things got tough. It’s about people who kept going, who tried harder, who loved their country too much to do anything less than their best. â€Å" At the end of the speech from line 175 to 185 Obama is talking about America as a culture surviving through many decades.â€Å" It’s the story of students who sat where you sit 250 years ago, and went on to wage a revolution and found this nation â€Å" Obama ask the audiences what they will do to pass on the American culture, and what people in about 50 years will remember from this time. And so he puts some positive pressure on the kids, hoping to get them to understand their responsibility to secure the American dream and culture in the future.

History and Development of the Charismatic/Pentecostal Movement Essay

Charismatic movement is a religious revival movement that developed during the late 1960’s among members of several Christian denominations, notably Roman Catholics, Episcopalians, and Methodists. Charismatic believe they can become infused with the Holy Spirit. When so infused, they believe, they may be granted such charisms (gifts) as the ability to speak in tongues, to make prophecies, and to heal by faith. Charismatics share many beliefs and practices with the Pentecostal churches but do not consider themselves to be Pentecostals (Duin, 2000). Moreover, Pentecostal churches base their faith and practice on certain religious experiences that are recorded in the New Testament. Pentecostal churches teach that every Christian should seek to be â€Å"filled with the Holy Spirit. † The proof of this occurrence comes when the person speaks in tongues. That is, the person will speak in a language he has never learned. The New Testament refers to the disciples speaking in tongues on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2), and mentions speaking in tongues elsewhere (Blumhofer, 2004). Pentecost is an important springtime Jewish and Christian feast. Its name comes from the Greek word fifty because Pentecost occurred on the fiftieth day after the first day of Passover. As a Jewish thanksgiving feast for the harvest, it was called Feast of Firstfruits (Exodus 23:16) and Shabuot or the Feast of Weeks (Leviticus 23: 15-21): â€Å"From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, count off seven full weeks. Count off fifty days up the day after the seventh Sabbath and then present an offering of new grain to the Lord. From wherever you live, bring two loaves made of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour, baked with yeast, as a wave offering of firstfruits to the lord. Present with this bread seven male lambs, each a year old and with out defect, one young bull and two rams†¦Ã¢â‚¬  From the least the 200’s, Christians celebrated Pentecost on the seventh Sunday after Easter as one of their greatest feasts. It commemorated the descent of the Holy Spirit (called Holy Ghost in older English) upon the apostles on this day (Acts 2: 1-4): â€Å"When the day of the Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled tem. † He had been promised by Jesus as â€Å"another Comforter† (John 14:16) and came to strengthen the apostles after their nine days of prayer following the ascension of Jesus into heaven. Then they showed themselves more courageous and zealous than they had been before. Pentecost was later called Whitsunday or White Sunday, because the newly baptized wore their white baptismal robes on that day, marking the end of the joyous Easter season (Pentecostalism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2004). In masses of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church, red vestments are worn on Pentecost to symbolize the tongues of fire representing the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:3). This paper studies the origin of Pentecostal/Charismatic movement and knows some denominations that practice the Pentecostal beliefs. II. Discussion Pentecostal churches that emphasize glossolalia (speaking in unknown tongues). The term â€Å"Pentecostal† refers to the day of Pentecost, soon after the death of Jesus, when the disciples spoke in unknown tongues. In present-day Pentecostal churches, during the highly emotional moments of the service, members make utterances that have not been identified with any known language (Wakefield, 1999). Pentecostals also believe that they can receive other supernatural gifts. For example, they believe they can be given the ability to prophesy, to heal, and to interpret what is said when someone speaks in an unknown tongue. The New Testament refers to these gifts in I Corinthians 12-14. Aside from these distinctive qualities, however, individual Pentecostal denominations do not usually resemble each other. There are more than three dozen Pentecostal groups in the United States of America alone. They differ radically in size as well as in their interpretations of matters of faith and practice. Some of the largest Pentecostal bodies are: Church of God in Christ, 3,700,000 members; Assemblies of God, 2,100,000; United Pentecostal Church International, 500,000; Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee), 455,000; Church of God in Christ, International, 200,000; International Church of the Four-square Gospel, 180,000; Pentecostal Holiness Church, 110,000; and the Pentecostal Church of God, 90,000. Pentecostal churches trace their origins to revivals of tongue-speaking that occurred at Bethel Bible College in Topeka, Kans. , in 1901, and at the Azusa Street Mission in Los Angeles in 1906. Similar revivals also took place in Great Britain and in Europe, Asia, and Latin America during the early 1900’s. Since the 1930’s, the Pentecostal denominations have grown rapidly. With a worldwide membership estimated at seven million, the Pentecostals are sometimes called Christianity’s â€Å"Third Force,† alongside the Roman Catholicism and traditional Protestantism (Ferm, 2001). Many Pentecostal churches are Methodist in origin. John Wesley, one of the founders of Methodism, believed on perfectionism. As Methodism later decreased its emphasis on perfectionism, many American Methodists broke away and formed their own churches. Stressing the perfectionist doctrine, these bodies are became known as Holiness churches. The Pentecostal churches are usually defined as those Holiness churches that consider speaking in tongues an important sign of having attained holiness. A. Assemblies of God Assemblies of God are Protestant Christian churches forming the largest of the Pentecostal denominations. The basic belief of this denomination is that conversion is a spiritual rebirth. Speaking in tongues is the first sign that that the Holy Spirit has been received by the reborn. Members believe in the infallibility of the Bible, the second coming of Christ to rule the world, eternal bliss for believers, and eternal punishment for the wicked. The denomination is composed of churches (assemblies) that are self-governing in local affairs. Each ordained minister and one lay delegate from each assembly is a member of the General Council, which is responsible for missions, publications, and other matters affecting the entire denomination (Assemblies of God. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2004). The church arose out of a rival movement about 1900. The General Council was organized in 1914. Membership is about 2,100,000 in the United States. The church has missions in a number of African and Latin American nations. International headquarters are in Springfield, Missouri. B. Practices and Beliefs †¢ Gift of Tongues Gift of tongues in Christianity is the ability to praise God in words that cannot be identified with any known language. It is also called glossolalia (Greek: tongue talking). Speaking in tongues occurs during moments of intense religious emotion. Many people believe that the speaker is possessed by the Holy Spirit. In Pentecostal churches, the gift of tongues is considered a sign of spiritual perfection. Early in the 1960’s, speaking in tongues spread through some congregations in other denominations, especially in the Episcopal, Roam Catholic, and Methodist churches (Glossolalia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2004). According to the Bible (Acts 2:1-13), 50 days after the Resurrection of Jesus, on the Jewish Pentecost, the Holy Spirit entered the disciples of Jesus and caused them to speak strange words. Many foreign Jews who were present understood the words, even though they were not spoken in their language. Instances of the gift of tongues are recorded in later New Testament books. However, in all these cases the words were directed to God and were not understood by any human being (Pentecostal movement. Grolier Encyclopedia of Knowledge). †¢ Faith healing Faith healing is another practice of Pentecostal church. Faith healing is the curing of physical and mental ailments through religious faith of the sufferers. Medical science recognizes many kinds of physical disorders that are caused or made worse by the patient’s state of mind. These ailments can often be cured or relieved by mental therapy—by changing the patient’s outlook rather than by prescribing medicine. Faith in the curing power of religion or religious relics has often brought about this mental change. Some reported cases faith healing, however, cannot be explained medically (Foster, 2006). Faith healing has been recorded in many religions under various conditions. In the Old Testament, the Syrian general Naaman was cured of leprosy when, as instructed by the prophet Elisha, he washed himself seven times in the River Jordan (II Kings 5:10-14). Jesus performed many miracles of healing. After healing a leper, Jesus said to the man: â€Å"Arise, go thy way; thy faith hath made thee whole† (Luke 17:19). The apostles performed acts of healing. They believed that â€Å"prayer of faith shall save the sick† (James 5:15). III. Conclusion The Pentecostal churches stress the doctrine of perfectionism, or holiness, which states that man has free choice, while still on earth, may become sinless through uniting with God. This doctrine rose in reaction to the Calvinist doctrine of predestination, which states, in part, that man is sinful by nature and may be saved only through God’s choice. Other beliefs common to many Pentecostal churches are the fundamentalist ideas that the entire Bible is literally true and that Jesus will return physically to rule the earth; some of the Pentecostal churches also practice faith healing (Pentecostal churches.New Standard Encyclopedia). Reference 1. Blumhofer, Edith L. Thinking in the Spirit: Theologies of the Early Pentecostal Movement. The Christian Century. Volume: 121. Issue: 7. Page 43+. April 6, 2004. 2. Duin, Julia. Charismatic Movement Transcends Sects. The Washington Times. Page Number: 2. March 31, 2000. 3. Pentecostalism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Columbia University Press, New York, 2004. 4. Wakefield, Dan. Fire from Heaven: The Rise of Pentecostal Spirituality and the Reshaping of Religion in the Twenty-First Century. The Nation. Volume: 260. Issue: 3. Page Number: 98+. January 23, 1999. 5. Pentecostal churches. New Standard Encyclopedia. Vol. 13, Page 456-457. 6. Assemblies of God. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Columbia University Press. New York, 2004. 7. Glossolalia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Columbia University Press. New York, 2004. 8. Foster, Mark. Sugar Grove Pentecostal Church Draws Members. Daily Herald. Page Number: 4, Dec. 18, 2006. 9. Ferm, Vergilius. An Encyclopedia of Religion. Philosophical Library. New York,

Human Trafficing

CAUSES (Why does this problem exist? What situations have brought it about? Who or what is responsible? ) 1. Similar to traditional slavery; owner has complete control over the person. SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen-DuPont 7 2. Debt cause people to go towards this SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen-DuPont 7 3. 35,000 minor girls in prostitution in ThailandSOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen-DuPont 12 4. purpose of exploitation(prostitution, forced labour/slavery and the removal of organs) SOURCE â€Å"What is Human Trafficking? † web 5. CST(child sex tourism)- when men and women travel to have intercourse with children SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): : Cullen-DuPont 13 6. traders take advantage of women by gaining trust; abroad jobs or boyfriends’ take them on vacation. SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen-DuPont 10 7. anchorage man used cocaine, and abuse to obtain his victims to stay as prostitutes SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking: Today’s Slave Trade† web CAUSES (Why does this problem exist? What situations have brought it about? Who or what is responsible? ) 8. Organized crime SOURCE â€Å"What Is the Role of Transnational Organized Crime Groups in Human Trafficking? † web 9. ifferent from smuggling, but like it SOURCE â€Å"How is Human Trafficking Different from Migrant Smuggli ng? † web 10. Trafficking victims are often hidden in plain sight SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 11. some employers instruct the victim on what to do when the police come SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 12. guards and cameras to make sure no one escapes SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 13. victim can’t usually attend social stuff and religious sermons SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 14. Florida 3rd for human trafficking SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking Bill Clears Legislature† webCAUSES (Why does this problem exist? What situations have brought it about? Who or what is responsible? ) 15. Prosecutions rare; victims are afraid to come forward SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking Bill Clears Legislature† web 16. Human smuggling- illegal entry of a person across a border SOURCE â€Å"Distinctions between Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking 2006† web 17. Human smuggling sometimes involved in human trafficking SOURCE â€Å"Distinctions between Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking 2006† web 18. gender inequality is used to obtain women SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 25 19.Belgium Germany Greece Israel Italy Japan and Netherlands all very high trafficking places SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 25 20. many men buy their wives SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 25 EFFECTS / NATURE OF THE PROBLEM (DESCRIBE THE PROBLEM ; HOW IT AFFECTS PEOPLE. ) 1. slaveholder has complete control SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen- DuPont 7 2. recruiting, transporting or receiving a person by force, coercion or other mean to exploit them SOURCE â€Å"What is Human Trafficking? † web 3.Threat or use of force, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power giving payments to control victim SOURCE â€Å"What is Human Trafficking? † web 4. in Thailand girl went into prostitution to obtain money for her pare nts SOURCE (Author's last name and page number where you found the information on – just put web if found online. Put the â€Å"Title† if no author): Cullen-DuPont 13 5. this effects every country in the world SOURCE â€Å"Which Countries are affected By Human Trafficking? † web 6. Asia has the most problems SOURCE â€Å"Which Countries are affected By Human Trafficking? † web 7. Mostly womenSOURCE â€Å"What Is The Most Commonly Identified Form Of Human Trafficking? † web EFFECTS / NATURE OF THE PROBLEM 8. 1,000,000 people a year 20,000 of them in USA SOURCE â€Å"HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND SLAVERY† web 9. Victims are put into isolation SOURCE â€Å"Distinctions between Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking 2006† web 10. sex trafficking- when victim forced prostitution SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 11. STDs can be spread rapidly SOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000. 22 USC 7101 12. Asian countries (India Philippines and Thailand) all use child sex tourismSOURCE Cullen-DuPont 13 13. 4 year olds are taken into trafficking SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 13 14. kids kidnapped by strangers. SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 12 EFFECTS / NATURE OF THE PROBLEM 15. kids vulnerable to forced labor SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 21 16. Sexual exploration counts a forced labor SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 20 17. forced labor not categorized as sexual exploration SOURCE Cullen-DuPont 20 18. considered fastest growing criminal industries SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 19. about 100,000 kids in trafficking each year SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web 20. forced labor in storesSOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking† web SOLUTIONS (How are people helping right now? What theories exist about how to help? What organizations and people are working for this cause? What laws exist to help? ) 1. UNODC(United Nations Drug Control Programme and the Centre for International Crime Prevention) helping US with problem SOURC E: â€Å"What is Human Trafficking? † web 2. UNODC wants to end Human Trafficking SOURCE : â€Å"What is Human Trafficking? † web 3. Number of caught convicts is increasing SOURCE â€Å"Do Many Traffickers Get Caught and Convicted? † web 4. . Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA)SOURCE â€Å" Anti-Trafficking in Persons† web 5. T-Visa created for victims of trafficking in US SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking and Slavery† web 6. 22 USC 7101- defines sever forms of trafficking SOURCE: â€Å"Distinctions between Human Smuggling and Human Trafficking 2006† web 7. the declaration of independence states how everyone is worthy SOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 SOLUTIONS 8. laws fail to help HT for most are illegal immigrants SOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 9. weak penalties of HT in the USSOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 10. HT includes violations of many laws of rape SOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 11. US agrees that HT is against human rights SOURCE (Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 12. some countries also hinder penalties against HT SOURCE Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 22USC 7101 13. public service announcements are made to warm people of HT SOURCE â€Å"Prevention â€Å"web 14. Global Report on Trafficking in Persons- February 2009SOURCE â€Å"Prevention â€Å"web SOLUTIONS 15. Community Vigilance project- this is found in many villages to prevent HT SOURCE â€Å"Prevention â€Å"web 16. in 2009 202 convicts were arrested, these numbers are increasing SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking: Putting a Stop to Modern-Day Slavery† web 17. Human Trafficking Initiative in 2005- FBI SOURCE â€Å"Human Trafficking: Putting a Stop to Modern-Day Slavery† web 18. Project t o End Human Trafficking- found 2004 SOURCE â€Å"About Us† web 19 educating the public about HT SOURCE â€Å"Mission Statement† web 20. mental doctor s to help victims SOURCE â€Å"Mission Statement† web

Digital Fortress Chapter 10

â€Å"Ensei Tankado is dead?† Susan felt a wave of nausea. â€Å"You killed him? I thought you said-â€Å" â€Å"We didn't touch him,† Strathmore assured her. â€Å"He died of a heart attack. COMINT phoned early this morning. Their computer flagged Tankado's name in a Seville police log through Interpol.† â€Å"Heart attack?† Susan looked doubtful. â€Å"He was thirty years old.† â€Å"Thirty-two,† Strathmore corrected. â€Å"He had a congenital heart defect.† â€Å"I'd never heard that.† â€Å"Turned up in his NSA physical. Not something he bragged about.† Susan was having trouble accepting the serendipity of the timing. â€Å"A defective heart could kill him-just like that?† It seemed too convenient. Strathmore shrugged. â€Å"Weak heart†¦ combine it with the heat of Spain. Throw in the stress of blackmailing the NSA†¦.† Susan was silent a moment. Even considering the conditions, she felt a pang of loss at the passing of such a brilliant fellow cryptographer. Strathmore's gravelly voice interrupted her thoughts. â€Å"The only silver lining on this whole fiasco is that Tankado was traveling alone. Chances are good his partner doesn't know yet he's dead. The Spanish authorities said they'd contain the information for as long as possible. We only got the call because COMINT was on the ball.† Strathmore eyed Susan closely. â€Å"I've got to find the partner before he finds out Tankado's dead. That's why I called you in. I need your help.† Susan was confused. It seemed to her that Ensei Tankado's timely demise had solved their entire problem. â€Å"Commander,† she argued, â€Å"if the authorities are saying he died of a heart attack, we're off the hook; his partner will know the NSA is not responsible.† â€Å"Not responsible?† Strathmore's eyes widened in disbelief. â€Å"Somebody blackmails the NSA and turns up dead a few days later-and we're not responsible? I'd bet big money Tankado's mystery friend won't see it that way. Whatever happened, we look guilty as hell. It could easily have been poison, a rigged autopsy, any number of things.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"What was your first reaction when I told you Tankado was dead?† She frowned. â€Å"I thought the NSA had killed him.† â€Å"Exactly. If the NSA can put five Rhyolite satellites in geosynchronous orbit over the Mideast, I think it's safe to assume we have the resources to pay off a few Spanish policemen.† The commander had made his point. Susan exhaled. Ensei Tankado is dead. The NSA will be blamed. â€Å"Can we find his partner in time?† â€Å"I think so. We've got a good lead. Tankado made numerous public announcements that he was working with a partner. I think he hoped it would discourage software firms from doing him any harm or trying to steal his key. He threatened that if there was any foul play, his partner would publish the key, and all firms would suddenly find themselves in competition with free software.† â€Å"Clever.† Susan nodded. Strathmore went on. â€Å"A few times, in public, Tankado referred to his partner by name. He called him North Dakota.† â€Å"North Dakota? Obviously an alias of some sort.† â€Å"Yes, but as a precaution I ran an Internet inquiry using North Dakota as a search string. I didn't think I'd find anything, but I turned up an E-mail account.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"Of course I assumed it wasn't the North Dakota we were looking for, but I searched the account just to be sure. Imagine my shock when I found the account was full of E-mail from Ensei Tankado.† Strathmore raised his eyebrows. â€Å"And the messages were full of references to Digital Fortress and Tankado's plans to blackmail the NSA.† Susan gave Strathmore a skeptical look. She was amazed the commander was letting himself be played with so easily. â€Å"Commander,† she argued, â€Å"Tankado knows full well the NSA can snoop E-mail from the Internet; he would never use E-mail to send secret information. It's a trap. Ensei Tankado gave you North Dakota. He knew you'd run a search. Whatever information he's sending, he wanted you to find-it's a false trail.† â€Å"Good instinct,† Strathmore fired back, â€Å"except for a couple of things. I couldn't find anything under North Dakota, so I tweaked the search string. The account I found was under a variation-NDAKOTA.† Susan shook her head. â€Å"Running permutations is standard procedure. Tankado knew you'd try variations until you hit something. NDAKOTA's far too easy an alteration.† â€Å"Perhaps,† Strathmore said, scribbling words on apiece of paper and handing it to Susan. â€Å"But look at this.† Susan read the paper. She suddenly understood the Commander's thinking. On the paper was North Dakota's E-mail address. [email protected] It was the letters ARA in the address that had caught Susan's eye. ARA stood for American Remailers Anonymous, a well-known anonymous server. Anonymous servers were popular among Internet users who wanted to keep their identities secret. For a fee, these companies protected an E-mailer's privacy by acting as a middleman for electronic mail. It was like having a numbered post office box-a user could send and receive mail without ever revealing his true address or name. The company received E-mail addressed to aliases and then forwarded it to the client's real account. The remailing company was bound by contract never to reveal the identity or location of its real users. â€Å"It's not proof,† Strathmore said. â€Å"But it's pretty suspicious.† Susan nodded, suddenly more convinced. â€Å"So you're saying Tankado didn't care if anybody searched for North Dakota because his identity and location are protected by ARA.† â€Å"Exactly.† Susan schemed for a moment. â€Å"ARA services mainly U.S. accounts. You think North Dakota might be over here somewhere?† Strathmore shrugged. â€Å"Could be. With an American partner, Tankado could keep the two pass-keys separated geographically. Might be a smart move.† Susan considered it. She doubted Tankado would have shared his pass-key with anyone except a very close friend, and as she recalled, Ensei Tankado didn't have many friends in the States. â€Å"North Dakota,† she mused, her cryptological mind mulling over the possible meanings of the alias. â€Å"What does his E-mail to Tankado sound like?† â€Å"No idea. COMINT only caught Tankado's outbound. At this point all we have on North Dakota is an anonymous address.† Susan thought a minute. â€Å"Any chance it's a decoy?† Strathmore raised an eyebrow. â€Å"How so?† â€Å"Tankado could be sending bogus E-mail to a dead account in hopes we'd snoop it. We'd think he's protected, and he'd never have to risk sharing his pass-key. He could be working alone.† Strathmore chuckled, impressed. â€Å"Tricky idea, except for one thing. He's not using any of his usual home or business Internet accounts. He's been dropping by Doshisha University and logging on to their mainframe. Apparently he's got an account there that he's managed to keep secret. It's a very well-hidden account, and I found it only by chance.† Strathmore paused. â€Å"So†¦ if Tankado wanted us to snoop his mail, why would he use a secret account?† Susan contemplated the question. â€Å"Maybe he used a secret account so you wouldn't suspect a ploy? Maybe Tankado hid the account just deep enough that you'd stumble on to it and think you got lucky. It gives his E-mail credibility.† Strathmore chuckled. â€Å"You should have been a field agent. The idea's a good one. Unfortunately, every letter Tankado sends gets a response. Tankado writes, his partner responds.† Susan frowned. â€Å"Fair enough. So, you're saying North Dakota's for real.† â€Å"Afraid so. And we've got to find him. And quietly. If he catches wind that we're onto him, it's all over.† Susan now knew exactly why Strathmore had called her in. â€Å"Let me guess,† she said. â€Å"You want me to snoop ARA's secure database and find North Dakota's real identity?† Strathmore gave her a tight smile. â€Å"Ms. Fletcher, you read my mind.† When it came to discreet Internet searches, Susan Fletcher was the woman for the job. A year ago, a senior White House official had been receiving E-mail threats from someone with an anonymous E-mail address. The NSA had been asked to locate the individual. Although the NSA had the clout to demand the remailing company reveal the user's identity, it opted for a more subtle method-a â€Å"tracer.† Susan had created, in effect, a directional beacon disguised as a piece of E-mail. She could send it to the user's phony address, and the remailing company, performing the duty for which it had been contracted, would forward it to the user's real address. Once there, the program would record its Internet location and send word back to the NSA. Then the program would disintegrate without a trace. From that day on, as far as the NSA was concerned, anonymous remailers were nothing more than a minor annoyance. â€Å"Can you find him?† Strathmore asked. â€Å"Sure. Why did you wait so long to call me?† â€Å"Actually†-he frowned-â€Å"I hadn't planned on calling you at all. I didn't want anyone else in the loop. I tried to send a copy of your tracer myself, but you wrote the damn thing in one of those new hybrid languages; I couldn't get it to work. It kept returning nonsensical data. I finally had to bite the bullet and bring you in.† Susan chuckled. Strathmore was a brilliant cryptographic programmer, but his repertoire was limited primarily to algorithmic work; the nuts and bolts of less lofty â€Å"secular† programming often escaped him. What was more, Susan had written her tracer in a new, crossbreed programming language called LIMBO; it was understandable that Strathmore had encountered problems. â€Å"I'll take care of it.† She smiled, turning to leave. â€Å"I'll be at my terminal.† â€Å"Any idea on a time frame?† Susan paused. â€Å"Well†¦ it depends on how efficiently ARA forwards their mail. If he's here in the States and uses something like AOL or CompuServe, I'll snoop his credit card and get a billing address within the hour. If he's with a university or corporation, it'll take a little longer.† She smiled uneasily. â€Å"After that, the rest is up to you.† Susan knew that â€Å"the rest† would be an NSA strike team, cutting power to the guy's house and crashing through his windows with stun guns. The team would probably think it was on a drug bust. Strathmore would undoubtedly stride through the rubble himself and locate the sixty-four-character pass-key. Then he would destroy it. Digital Fortress would languish forever on the Internet, locked for all eternity. â€Å"Send the tracer carefully,† Strathmore urged. â€Å"If North Dakota sees we're onto him, he'll panic, and I'll never get a team there before he disappears with the key.† â€Å"Hit and run,† she assured. â€Å"The moment this thing finds his account, it'll dissolve. He'll never know we were there.† The commander nodded tiredly. â€Å"Thanks.† Susan gave him a soft smile. She was always amazed how even in the face of disaster Strathmore could muster a quiet calm. She was convinced it was this ability that had defined his career and lifted him to the upper echelons of power. As Susan headed for the door, she took a long look down at TRANSLTR. The existence of an unbreakable algorithm was a concept she was still struggling to grasp. She prayed they'd find North Dakota in time. â€Å"Make it quick,† Strathmore called, â€Å"and you'll be in the Smoky Mountains by nightfall.† Susan froze in her tracks. She knew she had never mentioned her trip to Strathmore. She wheeled. Is the NSA tapping my phone? Strathmore smiled guiltily. â€Å"David told me about your trip this morning. He said you'd be pretty ticked about postponing it.† Susan was lost. â€Å"You talked to David this morning?† â€Å"Of course.† Strathmore seemed puzzled by Susan's reaction. â€Å"I had to brief him.† â€Å"Brief him?† she demanded. â€Å"For what?† â€Å"For his trip. I sent David to Spain.†

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Quantitative And Qualitative Methods Psychology Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Quantitative And Qualitative Methods Psychology Essay The idea is that you analyse quantitative methods in general, noting the disadvantages and advantages of quantitative research and to illustrate your points you then use examples such as surveys, or structured interviews, or quantitative content analysis. Then you do the same with qualitative methods. And either after or somewhere between this you compare the advantages adn disadvantages. Despite the apparent distinctions between Quantitative and Qualitative research, they both complement each other. But the important question for any researcher is which research methodology to use and what is relevant to my particular study. According to Dawson, C (2002), who’s book is a step to step guide of mastering research, states that it fundamental to decided what research technique to use, â€Å"Don’t fall into the trap which many beginning (and experienced) researchers do in thinking that quantitative research is ‘better’ than qualitative research. Neither is be tter than the other- they are just different and both have strengths and weaknesses.† When I think of qualitative research I think of subjective form of research, based on someone’s own point of view. A good definition I picked out is â€Å"Usually emphasizes quantification in the collection and analysis of data.† Example of the use this type of research would be in the recent elections, have a up-to date polling survey, measuring the success of election candidates, http://www.ukpollingreport.co.uk/blog/. Secondly Quantitative research projects often include larger numbers of respondents, and covers a larger geographical area. Therefore can give and indication of views of a larger population, rather than minority opinions. This therefore enhances the generalisation of the results. For example surveys, a quantitative research â€Å"in which researcher systematically asks a large amount of people the same questions and then records their answers.† A closed q uestionnaire was conducted to people in Britain, asking whether they are going to vote in the general election and for which party. This data was transferred into stats which were compared between different cities and counties, and opinions for different areas were compared. This is very useful as it gives a overall picture and understanding of what research concludes making it easy to draw comparisons, project trends and recognize differences among communities and groups. An example used was in Mcqueen, R and Knussen (2002) p28, Box2.1, comparing the two types research view points, on the same scenario. When looking that the results made by the quantitative researcher, it is a complete mystery on what the numbers are trying to represent and the results only make small conclusions. However looking at the Qualitative researchers result, there is a much deeper understanding, by me the reader, to what he is discussing, clearly seeing his conclusion, and I have gained a broader understa nding of this research topic. This is bad because the researcher can be enticed to manipulate the participant’s answers to suit the research. The normal questions researcher employs, can lead to biasness and false depiction of the data, which reflects the view of the researcher, than the participant. In essence quantitative research method can encourage the researcher could influence the subject’s answers to go with the research.

Food Safety and Sanitation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Food Safety and Sanitation - Assignment Example Boxes with watermarks may signify that the food item has bees let to partially thaw in the course of transit. It is advisable at all times to open at least one box per shipment and test out the core food item temperature with a thermometer that provides instant results. Again, it is extremely vital to always confirm the net weights of the food items, and in case of any uncertainties, it is advisable to ask guidance from the quality assurance board. In order to ensure that your employee is consistent with these guidelines, it would be best if he trained practically. This is to mean that he/she accompanies you severally for him to observe the entire process. It is also vital for him to take down the necessary details, for instance, the appropriate temperatures for each item in case he happens to forget them. A number of factors characterize rejection of shipment, for instance, if the dates on the item are not suitable for your food service establishment if the qualities of the products are not up to standard. When receiving food items such as fish, one only ought to smell the sea and not the product. Another factor is if the temperatures of the products do not meet shipping specification and if the net weight does not match one’s order. Another important aspect is if the animal products lack inspection stamps that indicate that they have been inspected by a legal medical officer. Lack of this stamp is a serious issue since one cannot determine whether the product is fit for consumption. Identify the different types of storage found in a food service establishment. What are some examples of each and what food items would you store in each? In addition, what are the proper temperatures that are needed in each in order to be in line with standard storage guidelines?