Compare and Contrast Two Psychological Perspectives Essay

Compare and contrast explanations from two psychological perspectives. This essay aims to compare and contrast Behaviourist and Humanistic psychology by considering the differing theories these perspectives use about human thought, experiencing and behaviour. Behavioural Psychology originated in the late 19th to early 20th century and was concerned with the prediction and control of the observable, measurable, external aspects of human experience. Behaviourist psychologists rejected the introspective method used by previous philosophers and psychologists and instead relied on using observation and data that was objective and empirical. This is known as an anti-mentalist approach; Behaviourists considered the workings of the mind†¦show more content†¦Skinner conducted a series of research experiments with rats and pigeons under controlled laboratory conditions using a specially designed cage. By doing so he sought to demonstrate that behaviour can be created and reinforced by external factors. The puzzle box he created for his experiments has become so widely used that it is now known as the â€Å"Skinner box†. Animals would be placed in a cage which had a bar lever mechanism used to dispense food; Skinner would measure the frequency of the bar pressing and introduce different variables into the experiments. This led to his discovery of partial reinforcement and its correlation to the slower extinction of shaped behaviour. When food pellets would only be dispensed once in a while (as opposed to every pressing) Skinner noticed that it took longer for the learnt behaviour to become extinct. The powerful phenomenon of partial reinforcement can be noticed in gambling establishments; a player on a slot machine is more likely to keep up their behaviour of playing if the rewards are unpredictable and occasional. The player becomes more persistent in their gambling in the hope that the next coin will be the winner (Hunt, 1993). The contributions of Behaviourism can still be noticed today in approaches to disciplining children in school; behaviour management systems are often governed by positiveShow MoreRelatedEssay about A Comparison of Two Schools of Psychology1007 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison of Two Schools of Psychology There are many different schools of psychology, each have their own views and they all look at psychology from different perspectives. I am going to outline six perspectives and then compare and contrast two schools. The biological perspective and major figures such as Karl Lashley looks to the body to explain the mind, they look at hormones, genes, the brain, and the central nervous system to explain the way we think, Read MoreSdffdgdfgfdg1230 Words   |  5 Pagesassignments due, each one due by Sunday at midnight. 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The Fall of the House of Usher is based on terror just as The Cask of Amontillado (hereafter called Cask) is based on terror but there are many different components that Poe uses that contrast with the Cask, andRead MoreThe Biological, Cognitive, Psychodynamic And Behavioral Models960 Words   |  4 Pagesmain models to explain psychological abnormality are the biological, cognitive, psychodynamic and behavioral models. According to Ronald Comer, biological theorists view abnormal behavior as an illness brought about by malfunctioning parts of the brain. These malfunctioning parts can be brought around by a chemical imbalance as well as brain structure abnormalities. So, they tend to point the problem to the anatomy or the chemistry alone, adopting a purely medical perspective. The brain is made upRead MoreCross-Cultural Psychology1179 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach, uses experimental methods to compare and contrast groups in their performance on a range of psychological tasks with the objective of demonstrating cultural difference and commonality on some psychological aspect in the lab and field (Cultural Psychology., n.d). Cross-cultural psychology Cross-cultural psychology is a comparative study of cultural effects on human psychology, from different cultural groups, which looks at the psychological diversity and the underlying reasons forRead MoreShriners Definition of Thriving in The Thriving Quotient944 Words   |  4 PagesThere came a moment in my life, where I believed food could be much more then typical. I never thought much about what was in front of me as a child, but as I Grew out of that carefree age, so did my perspective of the typical. What I seen as my mothers chicken soup, was more like a fragrant bell. Summoning my family to partake not only of the meal prepared, but also in each others company. Any stress or predicament we may have felt was absent. It was that moment I realized foodRead MoreCross Cultural Psychology1160 Words   |  5 Pagesthese many different cultures and studies how they affect us as humans and our development, mental processes, and behavior. Cultural psychology is a field in psychology that assumes that the idea that culture and mind are inseparable and that psychological theories in one culture are likely to be limited in applicability when applied to different cultures. Cross-cultural psychology is the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes, under diverse cultural conditions. Both of these typesRead MoreHuman Nature According to Psychoanalysis and the Humanistic Psychology993 Words   |  4 Pagesprofound questions which have been very much the concern of two major psychological perspectives: the psychoanalysis and the humanistic psychology. 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The following is my explanation and comparisons between two of these perspectives: psychodynamic and behavioral perspectives pertaining to the articleRead MorePsychoanalytical Theory and Cognitive Behavior Theory1567 Words   |  7 Pages(CBT) are currently two of the most utilized psychotherapeutic modalities in Western psychology. In the current review of literature, the salience of both theories is analyzed through the evaluation of contemporary studies on the two theories. These studies focused on empirical rather than merely theoretical research. Upon evaluating these sources, it becomes clear that both modalities, upon being applied in therapy, offer significant recovery, and results. In comparing the two theories, psychoanalytical

Women, Beauty and Self-Esteem Essay - 5143 Words

Ambrose Bierce (1958) once wrote, â€Å"To men a man is but a mind. Who cares what face he carries or what he wears? But woman’s body is the woman.† Despite the societal changes achieved since Bierce’s time, his statement remains true. Since the height of the feminist movement in the early 1970s, women have spent more money than ever before on products and treatments designed to make them beautiful. Cosmetic sales have increased annually to reach $18 billion in 1987 (â€Å"Ignoring the economy. . . ,† 1989), sales of women’s clothing averaged $103 billion per month in 1990 (personal communication, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 1992), dieting has become a $30-billion-per-year industry (Stoffel, 1989), and women spent $1.2 billion on cosmetic†¦show more content†¦The concept is difficult to define, as it is equated with different, sometimes contradictory, ideas. When people are asked to define beauty, they tend to mention abstract, person al qualities rather than external, quantifiable ones (Freedman, 1986, Hatfield Sprecher, 1986).The beholder’s perceptions and cognitions influence the degree of attractiveness at least as much as do the qualities of the beheld. Because beauty is an ideal, an absolute, such as truth and goodness, the pursuit of it does not require justification (Herman Polivy, 1983). An ideal, by definition, can be met by only a minority of those who strive for it. If too many women are able to meet the beauty standards of a particular time and place, then those standards must change in order to maintain their extraordinary nature. The value of beauty standards depends on their being special and unusual and is one of the reasons why the ideal changes over time. When images of beauty change, female bodies are expected to change, too. Different aspects of the female body and varying images of each body part are modified to meet the constantly fluctuating ideal (Freedman, 1986). The ideal is always that which is most difficult to achieve and most unnatural in a given time period. Because these ideals are nearly impossible to achieve, failure and disappointment are inevitable (Freedman, 1988). Although people have been decorating their bodies since prehistoric times, the Chinese may haveShow MoreRelatedThe Beauty Myth And Its Effect On Women s Sense Of Self Worth And Self Esteem901 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst chapter, Work, is about the ways in which the Beauty Myth threatens the huge steps that women have made in the workplace. 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Medea Claim Essay Free Essays

Made by Euripides, Jason is the antagonist of the story. His treatment of his ex-wife Made causes the tragedy of the story. As the plot line unfolds, we begin to connect Media’s irrational actions with the way she is treated by Jason. We will write a custom essay sample on Medea Claim Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jason chose a new bride and abandoned Made, along with his two sons. The tutor said, â€Å"The father does not love his sons, but -his new wedding bed†(Euripides 16). Made isn’t the only character realizing that Jason has completely forgotten about his family for his new wife. Season’s actions were due to his selfish and self-centered attitude. Made lost all mental stability after she was left by the man she thought was the love of her life. Made says on her betrayal, â€Å"Woman, on the whole, is a timid thing: [ †¦ L but, wronged in love,there is no heart more murderous†(Euripides 31 This betrayal has unleashed a rage in her, that was never seen before. In attempt to frustrate Made, Jason refuses to let her bring their children with her when she is exiled. He fails to think about the repercussions of his actions, and jumps to blame everyone but himself. Media’s life would be far from a tragedy if it weren’t for Season’s actions. As any woman would, Made seeks revenge on Season’s repulsive actions. She says, â€Å"Now can unfold to you [Chorus] my whole design: there is nothing sweet in it, as you will SE’ (Euripides 137). Jason definitely is to blame for the tragedy due to his treatment of Made. How to cite Medea Claim Essay, Essays

Brief comparison of Andy Warhol and Jackson Pollock Essay Example For Students

Brief comparison of Andy Warhol and Jackson Pollock Essay Jackson Pollock was an Abstract Expressionist who used the Action painting Tyler, as opposed to the Color Field Painting sibyl. He was active in the sass and 1 9505, joining a wealth of artists moving to the newly established art capital of the world. Pollocks art practice consisted of lots of physical exertion; gesturer movements of the wrist, elbow and shoulder that created a rhythmic sense of pattern. As is evident in his most famous work Blue Poles (1952). To create a massive work like Blue Poles his method included laying the large canvas on the floor, stretching it out, and pinning it down. He was then able to move around all four sides of he canvas. Using this method he felt importantly more apart Of his work, thus facilitating the intentionally expressive and highly personal purpose of the work. Pollock didnt use a brush, instead he used foreign implements (sticks, syringes, trowels) and added foreign materials (such as nails, broken glass and sand). Pollock preferred to use a stick to best exploit the drip technique or effect he wanted to create. This collection of abstract tools added to his intensely expressive practice. The artworks he created were unique but so personal that the audience were detached and the meaning to the works were seemingly unrecognizable. The public mostly reacted with distaste, hence Pollocks artworks were largely unpopular amongst the general public. Pollocks deeply expressive work contrasts greatly with the body of work of Andy Warhol. Whorls artworks were mostly produced using the silk-screen printing. He employed several assistants to help him create his numerous works at the pace he desired. Thus originality is questionable in Whorls works works, where the process was, in its machine-like and impersonal manner, reflecting the mass- reduction of the consumer world. The process is vital and a personal journey for Pollock, yet for Warhol it was just seemingly a chore required to create the end product. He changed the accepted view of what an art work should be. Whorls works generally consisted of flat areas of color, very little tone or texture and bold outlines and bright colors. Pollocks works were composed Of an abundance of texture which reflects the great difference to Warhol and his flat images. The subject matter of Whorls works were generally a consumer product, even he face of a celebrity was reproduced like another mass-produced image, thus these subjects that were so common in pop culture (such as Green Coca- Cola Bottles;1962 and Campbell Soup Can;1961-62) provided images readily identifiable to the audience. Hence Pop Art and its artists were popular due to this familiarity and Andy Warhol himself achieved the level of stardom he often portrayed in some of his works(such as Marilyn, 1964). Such familiarity meant that these works by Warhol were tangible. The public could understand them, or at least admire their basic aesthetic value. The motional intangibility of Pollocks works contrast greatly with Whorls works. The public could also enjoy the rumor behind the works, like Brills Soap Box (1970). The two artists were almost completely divergent to each other. However it must be noted that they both used art to portray something With a personal connection; as Warhol was a huge fan of celebrities and that was one of his main subjects. Warhol was a reaction against Pollock. Where Pollocks work was firmly embedded in the subjective frame and the structural frame. Whorls works were usually in the guttural frame and the structural frame. Pollocks works refer to him and his emotion, whereas Whorls works refer to the complete opposite the main-stream in an emotionless and apathetic way.

Brief comparison of Andy Warhol and Jackson Pollock Essay Example For Students

Brief comparison of Andy Warhol and Jackson Pollock Essay Jackson Pollock was an Abstract Expressionist who used the Action painting Tyler, as opposed to the Color Field Painting sibyl. He was active in the sass and 1 9505, joining a wealth of artists moving to the newly established art capital of the world. Pollocks art practice consisted of lots of physical exertion; gesturer movements of the wrist, elbow and shoulder that created a rhythmic sense of pattern. As is evident in his most famous work Blue Poles (1952). To create a massive work like Blue Poles his method included laying the large canvas on the floor, stretching it out, and pinning it down. He was then able to move around all four sides of he canvas. Using this method he felt importantly more apart Of his work, thus facilitating the intentionally expressive and highly personal purpose of the work. Pollock didnt use a brush, instead he used foreign implements (sticks, syringes, trowels) and added foreign materials (such as nails, broken glass and sand). Pollock preferred to use a stick to best exploit the drip technique or effect he wanted to create. This collection of abstract tools added to his intensely expressive practice. The artworks he created were unique but so personal that the audience were detached and the meaning to the works were seemingly unrecognizable. The public mostly reacted with distaste, hence Pollocks artworks were largely unpopular amongst the general public. Pollocks deeply expressive work contrasts greatly with the body of work of Andy Warhol. Whorls artworks were mostly produced using the silk-screen printing. He employed several assistants to help him create his numerous works at the pace he desired. Thus originality is questionable in Whorls works works, where the process was, in its machine-like and impersonal manner, reflecting the mass- reduction of the consumer world. The process is vital and a personal journey for Pollock, yet for Warhol it was just seemingly a chore required to create the end product. He changed the accepted view of what an art work should be. Whorls works generally consisted of flat areas of color, very little tone or texture and bold outlines and bright colors. Pollocks works were composed Of an abundance of texture which reflects the great difference to Warhol and his flat images. The subject matter of Whorls works were generally a consumer product, even he face of a celebrity was reproduced like another mass-produced image, thus these subjects that were so common in pop culture (such as Green Coca- Cola Bottles;1962 and Campbell Soup Can;1961-62) provided images readily identifiable to the audience. Hence Pop Art and its artists were popular due to this familiarity and Andy Warhol himself achieved the level of stardom he often portrayed in some of his works(such as Marilyn, 1964). Such familiarity meant that these works by Warhol were tangible. The public could understand them, or at least admire their basic aesthetic value. The motional intangibility of Pollocks works contrast greatly with Whorls works. The public could also enjoy the rumor behind the works, like Brills Soap Box (1970). The two artists were almost completely divergent to each other. However it must be noted that they both used art to portray something With a personal connection; as Warhol was a huge fan of celebrities and that was one of his main subjects. Warhol was a reaction against Pollock. Where Pollocks work was firmly embedded in the subjective frame and the structural frame. Whorls works were usually in the guttural frame and the structural frame. Pollocks works refer to him and his emotion, whereas Whorls works refer to the complete opposite the main-stream in an emotionless and apathetic way.